ELECTROPHORETIC COMPARISON OF FIVE SPECIES OF 



PANDALID SHRIMP FROM 

 THE NORTHEASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN 



Allyn G. Johnson, Fred M. Utter, and Harold O. Hodgins^ 



ABSTRACT 



Pandalid shrimp from off Alaska, Washington, and Oregon were investigated using starch-gel 

 electrophoresis. Each species was found to be polymorphic for phosphoglucomutase, and the general 

 protein patterns separated them into two groups — one consisting only oi Pandalus hypsinotus and 

 the other containing P. borealis, P. goniurus, P.jordani, and Pandalopsis dispar. 



A key based on biochemical characters was developed which could separate the five pandalid 

 species investigated. 



The increase of commercial fishing for shrimp 

 along the Pacific coast of North America in 

 recent years has stimulated interest in the 

 biology and identification of species and popula- 

 tion units. Ronholt (1963) reported on the distribu- 

 tion and relative abundance of five species of 

 pandalid shrimp from the northeastern Pacific 

 Ocean. Butler (1965) presented a comprehensive 

 report on the growth, reproduction, and 

 distribution of pandalid shrimp in British 

 Columbia waters, demonstrating the importance 

 of inlets and bays to this group of crustaceans. 

 Several reports on sampling techniques, diel 

 vertical migration, and population movements 

 have occurred which emphasize the need for 

 additional information on the biology of pandalid 

 shrimp for optimal utilization of this resource 

 (Barr and McBride, 1967; Barr, 1970, 1971; 

 Gotshall, 1972). 



One of the more promising techniques for the 

 detection of population units is the biochemical 

 genetic approach, utilizing starch-gel electro- 

 phoretic separation of proteins coupled with histo- 

 chemical staining procedures (Hunter and Mar- 

 kert, 1957). This method has been widely used and 

 successfully applied to fisheries problems (re- 

 viewed by de Ligny, 1969, 1972). 



This paper reports our application of starch- 

 gel electrophoresis to separation of species and 

 populations of five species of shrimp which occur 

 along the coast of the northeastern Pacific ocean. 



'Northwest Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries 

 Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 

 98112. 



MATERIALS AND METHODS 



Five species of adult pandalid shrimp from 

 two genera were investigated; Pandalopsis dis- 

 par, Pandalus borealis, P. goniurus, P. hypsinotus, 

 and P. jordani. All samples except those of P. 

 jordani and one collection of P. hypsinotus were 

 obtained from Marmot and Kazakof Bays of 

 Kodiak Island, Alaska, during May 1972, and 

 identified by personnel of the National Marine 

 Fisheries Service at Kodiak, Alaska. These 

 samples were shipped frozen to our laboratory 

 where they were kept at - 15°C until tested. Two 

 collections of P. jordani were obtained off Coos 

 Bay and Astoria, Oreg., in 1971 and identified 

 by personnel of the Fish Commission of Oregon, 

 shipped to us frozen and kept at -15°C until 

 tested. Additional samples oi P. jordani and P. 

 hypsinotus were obtained during December 1972 

 from Bellingham Bay, Wash. 



Extracts of muscle tissue were prepared by 

 mixing equal volumes of tissue and 2% phenoxy- 

 ethanol in distilled water into uniform pastes 

 with glass rods. The starch-gel electrophoretic 

 procedure followed the methods reported by 

 Johnson, Utter, and Hodgins (1972). The buffer 

 system used was described by Ridgway, Sher- 

 burne, and Lewis ( 1970). After electrophoresis the 

 gels were sliced into four horizontal slices and 

 stained for phosphoglucomutase (PGM), lactate 

 dehydrogenase (LDH), tetrazolium oxidase (TO), 

 peptidase (Johnson et al., 1972), malate dehy- 

 drogenase NAD and NADP (MDH), glyceralde- 

 hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; Shaw 



Manuscript accepted November 197.3. 

 FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 72, NO. 3, 1974. 



799 



