CELLEPOEA PUMICOSA. 399 



Cellepoea PUMICOSA, Linn. Syst. 1286 : Lcank. An. s. Vert.ed.2,ii.256 : Flem. 



Br. An. 532 : Johnston, Br. Zooph. eel. 2, 295, pi. lii. figs. 1-3: 



Busk, B.M. Cat. ii. 86, pi. ex. figs. 4-6. 

 Cellepora verrucosa, Linn. Syst. 1286 : Fahricius, Faun. Greenland. 434 : 



Olivi, Zool. Adr. 229. 

 MiLLEPOR.v PUMICOSA (part.), Pallas, Elench. 254. 

 Cellepora spinosa, Turton, Brit. Faun. 205. 

 Madrepora verrucaria, Esper, Madrep. pi. xvii. figs, c C and b B. 



Zoarium massive^ scabrous, often nodulated, composed of 

 many layers, of a pinkish colour when fresh. Zooecia 

 subcylindrical or ovate, smooth, erect (except near the 

 margin, where they are decumbent) , croAvded : orifice 

 orbicular, with a thin raised peristome ; in the centre, 

 immediately below the inferior margin, a tall pointed 

 rostrum, bearing on its inner aspect, towards the bottom, 

 a large aviciilarium with broad triangular mandible, 

 pointing upwards. Ooecla small, semicircular, slightly 

 recumbent, smooth ; surface entire, or with a few rather 

 large punctures on the front. 



Polypide large and of a delicate orange colour. 



Habitat. On stones, shells, stems of zoophytes and of 

 Algae, &c., from beyond low-water mark to deep water. 



Localities. Generally distributed. 



Geographical Distribution. Mediterranean (Pallas) 

 Adriatic (Heller & Grube) : Roscoff, common (Joliet) 

 Finmark, 30-50 fathoms at Havosund ; Bergen (Sars) 

 Hougesund, North Sea, 5-20 fathoms (Kirchenpauer) 

 Gulf of St. Lawrence (Dawson) : mouth of the Jenesei 

 (subfossil) (F. Schmidt) : California (Dr. Sinclair) : New 

 Zealand, forming small white balls on Sertularia &c. 

 (F. W. Hutton) : Bass's Straits (Macgillivray) . 



E-ANGE IN Time. Scotch Glacial deposits (Geikie) : Man- 

 zoni gives this species a place in the Italian Pliocene fauna; 

 but his description of the aperture, " antice sinuata," 

 raises a doubt as to the accuracy of his identification. He 

 at first referred the Pliocene form to C scruposa (Busk), 

 but subsequently to the present species. 



