SCRUPOCELLARIA SCRIJPOSA. 45 



and on the Nortliern shores of America ; but the number 

 of species increases in more southern latitudes. About 

 twenty are known. The genus has been traced back in 

 time as far as the Miocene deposits of Austria. 



a. Without an operculum. 



ScRUPOCELLARIA SCRUPOSA^ LiuUSeUS. 



Plate VII. figs. 8-10. 



Creeping Stony Coralline, Ellis, Corall. 38, no. 1, pi. xx. c. C. 



Sertularia scruposa, Li?! 71. Syst. 131.5. 



Oellularia scruposa, Pall. Elench. 72: Flem. B. A. 539: Eeid, Ann, 



N. H. Dec. 1845, 388, pi. xii. figs, fi, 7: Johmfon, B. Z. 



ed. 2, 336, pi. Iviii. figs. 5, 6: Smitf, Kritisk Forteckn. iii, 



285 & 320, pi. xvii. figs. 42-50. 

 Cellaria scruposa, Ellis cf- Sol. Zooph. 23 : Lamk. An. s. Vert. ed. 2, ii. 



192. 

 Scruparia scruposa, OJcen, Lehrb. Naturg. Zool., Abth. 2, 90. 

 Crisia scruposa, Lamx. Cor. 60. 

 BrcELLARiA scruposa, Blainmlle, Actinol. 459. 

 ScRUPOCELLARIA SCRUPOSA, Van Ben. Eecherches, 43 and 50, pi. v. figs. 



8-16 : Busk, B.M. Cat. i. 25, pi. xxii. figs. 3, 4 : Gray, 



B.M. Cat. Eadiata, ill. 



Zoarium rather stout, dichotomously branched, internodes 

 of moderate length (7-11 cells), forming large bushy 

 tufts, of a white colour. Zooecia biserial, alternate, 

 rather short, ovate, produced and slightly narrowed 

 below ; aperture regularly elliptical, occupying more 

 than half of the front, with a thin margin, and two 

 slender spines on each side above, often of considerable 

 length. Lateral avicularia large and prominent, with a 

 slightly hooked beak, which is toothed ; no avicularia 

 on the front of the cell. Vibracular cell erect, narrow, 

 aperture perpendicular. Ocecia small, with a smooth 

 surface, inclining inwards. 



Radical fibres slender, smooth, given off from the lower 

 part of the zoarium, adherent by means of a terminal 



