106 CELLAHIID^. 



latter is always mucli depressed^ and consists of a calcare- 

 ous lamina^ pierced by a more or less semicircular orifice. 

 The avicularia are of a very simple type^ and exliibit a 

 comparatively sliglit modification of the ordinary zooecium. 

 The ovicells are completely concealed, as in Flustra ; and 

 the opening is placed at the upper extremity of the area, 

 a little above the oral aperture. 



The Cellarice are widely distributed, members of the 

 group occurring in New Zealand, Tasmania and the Aus- 

 tralian continent, and Cumberland Island (on its east 

 coast), the Falkland Islands, South America, South 

 Africa, Madeira, the Mediterranean, Great Britain, North 

 Sea, Greenland, and Spitzbergen, south coast of North 

 America, Indian Ocean. The genus possesses a very 

 cosmopolitan representative in our own C. fistulosa. 



The Cellarice reach back as far as the Cretaceous epoch 

 at least, during which they formed a very small group, 

 while at the same period a large number of the allied 

 Vincularice flourished. 



The present genus ranges from shallow to very deep 

 water. We learn from Sir Wyville Thomson that forms 

 referable to the family were obtained during the ' Chal- 

 lenger ' voyage, at depths between 2000 and 3000 fathoms, 

 a sterile region, where other animal life was scarce^. 



Cellaria fistulosa, Linnaeus. 



Plate XIII. figs. 1-4. 



EuGLE Coralline. Ellis, Corall. 46, no. 1, pi. xxiii. figs, a, A, B, C, D. 



EscuARA FISTULOSA, Linn. Syst. ed. 10 (1758), 804. 



Cellularia salicornia, Pall. Elencli. 61. 



TuBULARiA FISTULOSA, Linji. Sjst. ccl. 12 (1766-8), 1302. 



Flustra fistulosa, Linn. Faun. Suec. ii. 2234. 



* ' The Atlantic,' by Sir C. Wyville Thomson, F.E.S., vol. i. p. 348. 



