CYLINDROSPORUM. 



[ 1S3 ] 



CYNIPS. 



by the resemblance of the filaments to an 

 annulose animal, the ordinary cells looking 

 like a long, jointed body, the large elliptic 

 spermatic cell like a thorax, and the termi- 

 nal vesicular cell often bearing fine hairs, like 

 a head. Br. species : 



1. C. catenatum, Ralfs (PI. 5. fig. 4). Fila- 

 ments moniliform ; ordinary cells orbicular ; 

 vesicular cells oval; spermatic cells oval, 

 catenate. (Ralfs, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2. vol. 

 V. pi. 9. fig. 14.) Forming a bluish stratum, 

 containing very delicate, elongated, straight 

 or slightly flexuose, generally parallel fila- 

 ments. 



The remaining British species are not de- 

 scribed by Mr. Ralfs, but the following are 

 noticed as British by Kiitzmg (Species Alga- 

 rum) under the head of Cylindrospermum. 



2. C. macrospermum, Kiitzing. Fila- 

 ments thick, equal; ordinary cells oblong, 

 l-700th of a line in diameter; sper- 

 matic cells oblong, turgid, firm, fuscous, 

 1-100 to 1-60'" long, 1-300 to 1-200'" thick. 

 Kiitzing, Sp. Algarum, 293; Tah. PJiyc. 

 vol. i. pi. 98. fig. 4. Anahaina imjmlpebralis, 

 Hassall, Br. Fr. Algce, pi. 75. fig. 3. Stand- 

 ing water; forming an jcruginous green 

 stratum. 



3. C. mesoleptum, Kiitzing. Filaments 

 densely entangled, unequal, 1-800 to 1-650'" 

 thick ; spermatic cells oblong, 1-180 to 

 1-1 50'" long, l-350to 1-300'" broad, slightly 

 constricted in the middle. Kiitzing, Sp.Alg. 

 Tah. Phyc. vol. i. pi. 98. fig. 5. Anabaina 

 constrict a, Hassall, Br. Fr. Algce, pi. 75. 

 fig. 9. ^ruginous green; in brackish 

 marshes. 



Excluded Species of Kiitzing. 



Cylindrospermum elongatum = Sphcerozi/ga elastica, 



Ag. (Ralfs). 

 ,, leptosperrmim = Sph(Brozygn lepto- 



sperma (Ralfs). 

 ,, Carmichaelii =Sphcerozyga Carmi- 



chaelii (Harvey). 

 ,, Ralfsii — Dolichospermum 



Ralfsii (Ralfs). 

 „ Hassallii =ConiophytumThomp- 



soni (Hassall). 



BiBL. Ralfs onNostochinecB,Ann.ofNat. 

 Hist. ser. 2. vol. v. p. 321 ; Kiitzing, Sp. Alg. 



CYLINDROSPORUM, Grev.— A genus 

 of parasitic Fungi of uncertain place. 



C. concentricum, Grev. = t/rec?o cylindro- 

 spora. Hook. Br. Fl. Grows upon the leaves 

 of cabbages ; distinct from Cystopus. 



BiBL. Grev. Sc. Crypt. Fl. t. xxix. ; Berke- 

 ley, Hort. Trans, iii. 265. 



CYMATOPLEURA, Smith. See Sphinc- 



TOCYSTIS. 



The former name was proposed to desig- 



nate the genus Sphinctocystis, previously 

 founded by Hassall : it cannot, therefore, be 

 retained. See the laws upon the subject of 

 Nomenclature in the Annals of Natural 

 History, 1843. xi. p. 259. 



BiBL. Smith, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1851, 

 vii. 



CYMBELLA, Ag.— A genus of Diato- 

 macese. 



Char. Frustules solitary, free; valves 

 cymbiform, unsymmetrical, with a subcentral 

 and two terminal nodules, a submedian lon- 

 gitudinal line, and transverse or slightly 

 radiating striae. Aquatic and fossil. 



Frustules sometimes immersed in an amor- 

 phous gelatinous mass. 



C. Ehrenhergii, K. (PL 13. fig. 31; a, front 

 view ; 6, side view). Broadly lanceolate, 

 apices slightly produced, somewhat obtuse ; 

 striae distinct (resolvable into dots) ; length 

 1-200". (Fossil in San Fiore deposit.) 



Five other British species, and several 

 more foreign, difi*ering from each other by 

 slight characters. 



BiBL. Smith, Brit. Diatotnaceee, p. 17; 

 Kiitzing, Bacillar. p. 'J9, and Sp. Alg. 



p. 57. 



CYMBOSIRA, Kiitz.— A genus of Diato- 

 maceae. 



Char. Frustules resembling those of Ach- 

 nanthes; solitary or binate, stipitate, at- 

 tached end* to end, and thus concatenate. 

 Marine. 



C. Agardhii (PL 14. fig. 18). Frustules 

 linear, slightly arcuate, finely striated, 

 rounded at ends ; valves oblong - linear, 

 slightly dilated in the middle, apices ob- 

 tusely rounded. Length 1-960 to 1-280". 

 Not British (?). 



BiBL. Kiitzing, Bacill. p. 77> and Sp. 

 Alg. p. 57. 



CYNIPS, Linn. — A genus of Hymenop- 

 terous Insects, of the family Cynipidae (gall- 

 flies). 



The species, as well as those of other 

 genera of this family, are particularly interest- 

 ing on account of the females being fur- 

 nished with a boring apparatus at the end of 

 the abdomen, by means of which various 

 partsof plants are pierced toallowof the depo- 

 sition of the eggs in a situation w^here the 

 larvae can obtain food when hatched. The 

 irritation arising from the presence of the 

 eggs gives rise to the formation of various 

 galls, among which we may mention the 

 galls of commerce, the bedeguar or red 

 fibrous gall of the rose, the oak-spangles, 

 &c. The apparatus itself requii-es further 



