PHILODINiEA. 



[ 502 ] 



PHRAGMIDIUM. 



body is covered with soft setaceous pro- 

 cesses. 



BiBL. Ehrenberg, Infus. p. 498. 



PHILODINiEA, Ehr.— A family of Ro- 

 tatoria. 



Char. No sheath or carapace; rotatory 

 organs two, simple, resembling two wheels 

 when the cilia are in motion. 



The body is usually cylindrical, or some- 

 what spindle-shaped, contractile even so as 

 to form a ball. In certain states of exten- 

 sion it sometimes appears pointed in front, 

 from the presence of a proboscis ; in others 

 the two ciliated rotatory organs are pro- 

 truded. 



The animals are capable of swimming by 

 means of the cilia, or of creeping like a 

 leech, the ends of the body being alternately 

 fixed. The tail-like foot is often furnished 

 with horn-like lateral processes and terminal 

 toes. 



Ehrenberg distinguishes seven genera. 



A. Eyes absent. 



a. Proboscis and horn-like lateral pro- \ . CalMina 

 cess on the foot present / * 



/3. Proboscis and horn-like processes! 

 absent / 



a. Rotatory organ stalked 2. Hydrias. 



b. Rotatory organ not stalked 3. Typhlina. 



B. Eyes present. 



Eyes two, frontal. 

 Foot with horn-like processes. 



Toes 2 4. Rotifer. 



Toes 3 5. Actinurus. 



Foot without horn-like processes, | g_ 3Jo»^o/ft*^•s. 



but with 2 toes J 



Eyes two, cervical 7- Philodina. 



BiBL. Ehrenberg, Infus. p. 481. 



PHILOPTERUS, Nitzsch.— A genus of 

 Anoplurous Insects, of the family Philopte- 

 ridse. 



Char. Antennae filiform, five-jointed ; 

 maxillary palpi none; mouth with strong 

 toothed mandibles ; tarsi with two claws. 



The species are very numerous, and have 

 been arranged in six subgenera : Docophorus, 

 Nirmus, Goniocotes, Goniodes, Lipeurus and 

 Ornithobius. In some of them there are 

 two moveable organs (trabeculaj) situated in 

 front of the antenna?. 



They are the external parasites of birds. 



P. [Docophorus] communis (PI. 28. fig. 5). 

 Chestnut-coloured, shining, with white hairs; 

 head triangular, elongate, anterior portion 

 much produced; trabeculae very large, 

 curved; posterior femora much incrassated 

 and toothed below. Length 1-16". 



Parasitic u])on the Passerina or Insessorcs. 



BiBL. Denny, Anoj)lur. Monogr. p. 62. 



PHLYCTiENA, Desmaz.— A genus of 

 Sph8eronemei(Coniomycetous Fungi), nearly 

 related to Septoria, differing in the absence 

 of a proper perithecium. P. vagahunda has 

 been found in Britain. 



BiBL. Berk, and Broome, Ann. Nat. Hist. 

 2nd ser. xiii. p. 460; Desmazieres, Ann. des 

 Sc. nat. 3 ser. viii. p. 16. 



PHLYCTiENIA, Kg.— A genus of Dia- 

 tomacese. 



Char. Frustules those of Navicula, en- 

 closed in gelatinous globular cells (masses?). 

 Marine. 



P. minuta. Cells 1-720 to 1-240" in dia- 

 meter; length of frustules 1-1200 to 1-600". 



P. maritima {Frustulia mar., E.). 



BiBL. Kiitzing, Sp. Alg. p. 96; Ehren- 

 berg, Infus. p. 232. 



PHLYCTIDIUM, Not. See Discosia. 



PHOMA, Fr. — A genus of Sphseronemei 

 (Coniomycetous Fungi), which presents both 

 conidiferous and ascigerous forms. There 

 are numerous British species, forming small 

 black or brown pustules upon dead leaves, 

 twigs, &c. 



BiBL. Berk. Brit. Flor. ii. pt. 2. p. 285, 

 Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 263, ser. 2. v. p. 368, 

 xiii. p. 459; Fries, Summa Veg. p. 421. 



PHORMIDIUM, Kiitz. See Oscilla- 



TORIA. 



PHORMIUM, Forst.— P. tenax is the 

 name of the plant yielding New Zealand 

 Flax. It is a Monocotyledonous Flowering 

 Plant belonging to the order Liliacese. 



PHRAGMICOMA, Dumort.— A genus of 

 Jungermannieaj (Hepaticaceaj), containing 

 one British species, P. MacJcaii [Jung. Moc- 

 kaii, Hook.), occurring rarely on trees and 

 rocks, especially on limestone. 



BiBL. Hook. Brit. Jung. p. 53 ; Ekart, 

 Syn. Jung. p. 59. pi. 9. fig. 72; Endlicher, 

 Gen. Plant. Suppl. i. 4/2-9. 



PHRAGMIDIUM, Lk.(Aregma, Fr.).— A 

 genus of Caiomacei (Coniomycetous Fungi), 

 forming rusts very common on Rosaceous 



Fig. 5/0. 



Phragmidium bulbosum. 



Isolated basidimn with four catenate spores. 



Magnified 100 diameters. 



})lants. They appear uj)on living leaves. 



