SEPEDONIEI. 



[ 574 ] 



SERTULARIA. 



or seed-like fruits of the common groundsel 

 (Senecio vulgaris) are sparingly clothed with 

 Hairs of a peculiar character. These ap- 

 pear to consist of two semi-cylindrical cells 

 applied together by their flat faces, so as to 

 form a kind of tube with a vertical septum. 

 When placed in water, they expand some- 

 what, and the contents are expelled from 

 the ends, consisting of an indistinctly spiral- 

 fibrous structure, which untwists and ex- 

 pands, by the absorption of water, to twice 

 or three times the length of the hairs, in a 

 manner comparable in some degree to the 

 behaviour of the contents of the hairs of 



ACANTHACE^. 



BiBL. Leighton, Ann. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 

 259. 



'^ SEPEDONIET.— A family of H\T)homy- 

 cetous Fungi, consisting of a heterogeneous 

 assemblage of imperfectly known genera, 

 and differently defined by different authors. 

 Those genera we have included in our list 

 are enumerated in Lindley's * Vegetable 

 Kingdom,' but Fries includes Oidium and 

 others. The general character of the family 

 is, that the plants produce spores lying in 

 heaps among the filaments of the mycelium, 

 "often arising from them." Evidently this 

 can only mean that there are no erect special 

 fertile pedicels, but this does not apply to all 

 the forms. The characters show how imper- 

 fect is the observation on which some of the 

 genera are founded. 



Synopsis of British Genera. 



I. Artotrogus, Entophyte. Filaments 

 creeping, persistent ; spores springing from 

 the middle of the filaments, simple, at length 

 free, spinous. 



II. Sepedonium. Filaments woolly, sep- 

 tate, evanescent; spores globose, connate, 

 scabrous, stipitate, solitary, at length heaped 

 together. 



III. FusispoRiuM. Spores fusiform or 

 cylindi-ical, glued together in heaps resting 

 on the gelatinous matrix. 



IV. Epochnium. Spores heaped toge- 

 ther, oblong, apiculate, septate, adnate to 

 the matrix, interwoven with the effused, en- 

 tangled slender filaments of the mycelium. 



V. PsiLONiA. Spores simple, pellucid, 

 not glued together, at first covered by the 

 converging filaments of the mycelium. 



VI. MoNOTOSPORA, Entophyte. Fila- 

 ments creeping, evanescent ; spores globose, 

 solitaiy, terminal, at length free. 



AsTEROPHORA, Dittm., appears to belong 

 to the Onygenei. ... 



SEPEDONIUM, Link.— A genus of Se- 

 pedoniei (Hyphomycetous Fungi), contain- 

 ing two species, growing upon decaying 

 Fungi. S. chrysosperma has golden-yellow 

 spores, S. roseum red ones. The first is 

 common. 



BiBL. Berk. Brit. Flor. ii. pt. 2. p. 350; 

 Fries, Summa Vegetab. p. 497 ; Grev. Sc. 

 Crypt. Flor. pi. 198. 



SEPTONEMA, Corda.— A genus of To- 

 rulacei (Coniomycetous Fun- -p- g^^ 

 gi), related to Torula, and 

 connecting this in some mea- 

 sure with Dendryjjhium. S. 

 spiloma, forming green tufts 

 on old rails, has been found 

 in Guernsey. Several spe- 

 cies are recorded as French 

 by Leveille, one forming 

 patches on vine-leaves, the 

 others on the potato. The 

 chains of septate spores soon 

 break up. 



BiBL. Corda, Icones, i. & 

 ii. ; Fries, Summa Veg. 504 ; 

 Leveille, Ann. des Sc. nat. 

 3 ser. ix. 261 ; Berkeley and 

 Broome, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd Septonema viride. 

 ser. V. p. 461 ; Berk. Lond. Magnified 



Journ. Bot. iv. t. 12. fig. 5. ^OO diameters. 



SEPTORIA, Fr.— A genus of Spharone- 

 mei (Coniomycetous Fungi), but probably 

 in reality consisting of preparator}' forms of 

 Splicerice. They grow upon the leaves of 

 plants, the fusiform septate "spores" oozing 

 out from a pore in the form of a tendril. 



S. Ulmi and S. Oocyacanthce are common j. 

 several other species are recorded. 



BiBL. Berk. Brit. Flor. ii. pt. 2. p. 356 j 

 Berk, and Br. Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd ser. v. 

 p. 379, xiii. p. 460; Fries, SummaVeg. p. 426; 

 Tulasne, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2nd ser. viii. p. 117. 



SEPTOSPORIUM, Corda. See Macro 



SPORIUM. 



SEROUS MEMBRANES.— These con- 

 sist of the same elements arranged in the 

 same number of layers as in the Mucous 

 MEMBRANES. The thickucss of the layers,' 

 however, is considerably less, the fibrous 

 elements are finer, and the epithelium forms 

 a single layer only of polygonal cells. 



BiBL. K'dWiker, Mikrosk. Anat.'n.; Todd 

 and Bowman, Physiolog. Anat. 8fc. of Man. 



SERTULARIA, Linn.— A genus of Po- 

 lypi (Zoophytes), of the order Anthozoa. 



Char. Polypidom growing in the shape of 

 a plant, and fixed by its base, variously 

 branched, the branches formed of a single 



;J 



