ENCEPHALARTOS. 



[ 227 ] 



ENCYONEMA. 



lymperacese (Pottioid Mosses), containing 

 several British species. 



Fig. 198. 



Fig. 199. 



Encalypta commutata. 



Fig. 198. A capsule on its stalk, with vaginule at base, 

 and calj^tra above. Magnified 10 diameters. 



Fig. 19Q. The capsule enclosed in its calyptra. 

 nified 20 diameters. 



Mag- 



1 = Encalyjjta vulgaris, Hedw. 



2. E. ciliata, Hedw. 



3. E. rhabdocarpa, Schwagr. 



4. E. streptocarpa, Hedw. 



E. commutata (figs. 196-9), Nees and 

 Hsch., grows on the highest Alps of Eiu'ope, 

 in fissui-es of rocks bordering the eternal 

 snow. 



ENCEPHALARTOS, Lehm.— A genus 

 of Cycadaceae (Gymnospermous Flowering 

 Plants). The Cape species are called Caffre 

 bread-trees, on account of the quantity of 

 starch in their trunks. (See Cyc ada- 

 ges.) 



ENCEPHALOID, or Encephaloid 

 Cancer. — That form of cancer in which the 

 morbid substance has the appearance and 

 consistence of the medullary part of the 

 brain; hence sometimes called medullary 

 cancer. 



See Tumours, Cancerous. 



ENCHELIA, Ehr. — A family of Infu- 

 soria. 



Char. No carapace ; oral and anal orifices 

 at the opposite ends of the body. 



Locomotive organs consisting of cilia; not 

 detected, however, in two species. 



Mouth 

 tooth- J 

 less 



r Sur- 

 face 



with- 

 out 

 cilia 



Ehrenberg distinguishes the genera thus : 



Mouth -1 fBodv \ T. J. , 



directly I oral I single / • * ^^chelijs. 

 truncate, T cilia* 



no lip J L double ..Disoma. 

 Mouth obliquely /no neck Trichoda. 

 . truncate, with lip I a neck Lacrymaria, 

 'Mouth obliquely l ^ , 



truncate, with a lip T • • • Leucophrys. 

 Mouth directly trun- l ,._ , , 

 .cate, mthout k lip I " " Holophrya. 

 Mouth with teeth Prorodon. 



Dujardin's family Enchelia, founded upon 

 different characters, bears no relation to that 

 of Ehrenberg. He defines it as consisting 

 of animals partly or entirely covered with 

 cilia, scattered without order ; no mouth : 

 and subdivides it thus : — 



Surface 

 with 

 ^cilia 



Cilia at one end Acomia. 



Cilia in a longitudinal furrow . . Gastrochcsta. 



Not 

 ciliated 

 all over ^ 



r Cilia all alike Enchelys. 



r:M,.i.„A Both cilia, and trailino: 1 ., 



S n retractile filaments ° I Alyscum. 



au over q^^ ^ straight \ „ 



Icilium posteriorly / Uronema. 



BiBL. FAirenh. Inf US. p. 298; Dujardin, 

 Infus. p. 380. 



ENCHELYS, Hill.— A genus of Infusoria, 

 of the family Enchelia, Ehr. 



Char. Body single, free, without vibratile 

 cilia on the surface ; mouth without teeth, 

 ciliated, directly truncated. Aquatic. 



E. impa, E. (PL 23. fig. 48). Body ovate, 

 turgid, attenuated in front, containing yel- 

 lowish-green granules; length 1-144". 



E. farcimen. Smaller than the last 

 (1-432"); internally whitish. 



Two other species. 



Dujardin's genus Enchelys does not agree 

 with that of Ehrenberg. The characters 

 are : body cylindrical, oblong, or ovoid, sur- 

 rounded with straight, uniform, vibratile 

 cilia, scattered without order. He admits 

 five species : — E. nodulosa (PI. 23. fig. 49) 

 ^ Cyclidimn glaucoma, E. (according to 

 Stein), or Pantotrichum enchelys, E. (accord- 

 ing to Dujardin) ; E. triquetra (not different 

 from the last. Stein); and three other im- 

 perfectly examined species. 



BiBL. Ehrenb. Infus. p. 298; Dujardin,* 

 Infus. p. 385 ; Stein, Infus. p. 137. 



ENCHONDROMA. See Tumours. 



ENCYONEMA, Kutz.— A genus of Dia- 

 tomaceae. 



Char. Frustules resembling those of Cym- 

 hella, arranged mostly in longitudinal series, 

 in a simple, delicate, gelatinous tube. 



Valves very variable in form, even in the 

 same tube, showing how little dependence is 

 to be placed upon this feature as a character. 



q2 



