H.EMATINE. 



[ 803 ] 



H^MATOIDINE. 



G. Hippocampus (fig. 13). Narrowly 

 lanceolate, gradually attenuated towards the 

 broad, very obtuse ends; sigmoidure evi- 

 dent ; keel nearly median; marine or brackish 

 water; length 1-160"; striae: long. 32, 

 tr. 40. 



G. attenuatum (fig. 15, PI. 1. fig. 17). 

 Linear-lanceolate, with obtuse ends; sigmoid- 

 ure slight ; keel nearly median ; marine and 

 aquatic; length 1-120"; striae: long. 30, tr.40. 



G. lacustre (fig. 18). Linear-lanceolate, 

 ends rather obtuse ; sigmoidure evident ; 

 keel almost median ; aquatic; length 1-130"; 

 striae, both sets, 48. 



G. tenuissimum (fig. 24). Narrowly linear, 

 attenuate towards the ends ; sigmoidure evi- 

 dent; keel nearly central; aquatic; length 

 1-180"; striae, both sets, 48. 



G. Spencer ii (fig. 17). Linear-lanceolate ; 

 sigmoidm'e evident ; keel nearly median ; 

 aquatic; length 1-200"; striae: long. 55, 

 tr. 50. 



G. littorale (fig. 19). Lanceolate, ends 

 somewhat prolonged; sigmoidure evident; 

 keel median; aquatic; length 1-180"; striae : 

 long. 24, tr. 50. Fig. 42 represents the dots 

 upon part of a valve. 



G. acuminatum (fig. 14). Linear-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate ; sigmoidure evident ; keel 

 median; aquatic; length 1-150"; striae: 

 long. 40, tr. 52. 



G. fascial a (fig. 21). Linear-lanceolate, 

 with linear beak-like ends ; sigmoidure evi- 

 dent; marine; length 1-200; striae: long. 

 (?), tr. 64. 



G. prolongatum (fig. 23). Very narrowly 

 linear -lanceolate, acuminate, with linear 

 beak-hke ends; sigmoidm'e present in the 

 ends only ; keel nearly median ; marine ; 

 length 1-200"; striae : long. (?), tr. 65. 



G. distortum (fig. 20). Lanceolate; ends 

 slightly produced and beak-hke ; sigmoidure 

 evident; keel central ; marine ; length 1-300"; 

 striae : long. 65, tr. 75. 



G. macrum (fig. 22). Very narrowly 

 linear-lanceolate ; ends produced into long 

 beak-like processes; sigmoidure produced 

 by the ends of the beaks only ; keel median ; 

 length 1-100''; stria, long. (?), tr. 85. 



BiBL. Hassall, Freshwater Algcs, p. 435; 

 Smith, Brit. Diatom, i. p. 61; Kiitzing, Sp. 

 Alg. and Bacill. ; Rabenhorst, D. siisswass. 

 Diat. 



H. 



HiEMATINE.— The red colouring matter 

 of the blood, in the globules of wdiich it 



exists combined with globuline. It possesses 

 no morphological characters. 



BiBL. See Chemistry. 



H^MATOCOCCUS. See Protococ- 

 cus and Gl^ocapsa. 



H^MATOIDINE.— This substance, to 

 which Virchow first drew attention, is not 

 unfrequently met with in masses of extrava- 

 sated blood which have remained for some 

 time in the living bodies of the Vertebrata, as 

 in old apoplectic clots, sanguineous extrava- 

 sations resultingfrom contusions and wounds, 

 the effiisions accompanying the ruptm'e of 

 the Graafian vesicles, &c. 



It occurs in the form of granules, globules, 

 and distinct crvstals. These are somewhat 

 highly refractive, and mostly of a ruby-red 

 or yellowish-red colour ; they are stated also 

 to have been found colourless. The most 

 common forms are represented in PI. 9. fig. 

 1 6, and they appear to belong to two distinct 

 systems, — the oblique rhombic prismatic, 

 and the regular system. 



The properties of haematoidine are as in- 

 constant as the crystalline form, and it is 

 probable that several diff'erent substances 

 have been i-anged under the above title, or 

 perhaps modifications of the same substance 

 in diff^erent states of hvdration ; for so insu- 

 perable has been the difficulty of obtaining 

 haematoidine in quantity and a state of pm*ity, 

 that its true natm'e has not been satisfactorily 

 determined. 



It is mostly insoluble or difficultly soluble 

 in water, alcohol, aether, acetic and dilute 

 mineral acids, and solution of potash. Some- 

 times it is soluble in acetic acid with a 

 yellow colour, at others readily so in water. 



An amorphous, colourless proteine-sub- 

 stance is sometimes separated from the cry- 

 stals by the action of mineral acids. 



There seems to be but little doubt that 

 haematoidine consists principally of the hae- 

 matine of the blood in a crystalline form ; it 

 is also related in composition to bilifulvine 

 (see Bilifulvine). 



Haematoidine may be artificially procured 

 from various som'ces ; perhaps most readily 

 from the blood of fishes by spontaneous 

 evaporation. The blood of the spleen of the 

 horse changes almost entirely into prismatic 

 crystals of it in drying. In obtaining the 

 crystals, the presence of the serum is preju- 

 dicial, and it should be washed away with a 

 small quantity of water. If recently dried 

 blood be treated ^Aith a vegetable acid (acetic, 

 oxalic acid, &c.), a drop of the solution be 

 placed upon a sUde, covered with thin glass. 



