HYPNEA. 



[ 336 ] 



HYPOCREA. 



Sy7i02)sis of the Families. 



1. IsARiACEi. Receptacle clavately- 

 branched, composed of filaments closely at- 

 tached in their whole length ; spores simple, 

 attached to simple pedicels arising in all 

 parts (fig. 353). 



2. Stilbacei. Receptacle wart-like or 

 clavate above, stalked below, composed of 

 filaments closely packed, coherent, termina- 

 ting singly in free spores. 



3. Dematiei. Mycelium filamentous, 

 spores compound or simple, arising from the 

 apices of erect, solid, corticate, subopake 

 filaments (fig. 350), or produced by the so- 

 lution of the plants. 



4. MucEDiNES. Mycelium filamentous, 

 spores solitary, or crowded on articulated or 

 branched, tubular and pellucid filaments 

 (fig. 348, 349), soon separating and mingling 

 with the mycelium, or adherent in chained 

 rows. 



5. Sepedoniei. Mycelium filamentous, 

 spores usually found heaped together resting 

 on the mj'Celium, and apparently springing 

 out of it directly, i. e. without erect spori- 

 diferous pedicels. 



HYPNEA, Lamouroux. — A genus of Rho- 

 dymeniacese (Florideous Algse), the only 

 British species of which, H. purpurascens, 

 is a common purplish-pink feathered or 

 shrubby sea-weed, the lobes being cylindri- 

 cal, filiform and cartilaginous, growing from 

 6" to 2" in height, with the filaments about 

 1'" in diam. On stones, rocks, &c. between 

 tide-marks. The fructification consists of 

 coccidia, tubercles immersed in the ramuli, 

 each containing a mass of small spores ; and 

 tetraspores, immersed in the lesser branches, 

 of separate plants. 



BiBL. Harvey, Brit. Mar. Alg. p. 130. 

 pi. 16 D; Phyc. Brit. pi. 116; English 

 Botany, pi. 1243. 



HYPNOIDEiE.— A family of Pleurocar- 

 pous Mosses of large extent. Leaves with 

 the cells prosenchymatous, dense or lax, 

 smooth or papillose. Alar cells at the bases 

 of the leaves diverse : 1, square, flattish or 

 ventricosely impressed, pellucid or yellow- 

 ish, or fuscescent ; 2, few, vesicular, placed 

 at the very base, of a delicate yellow or hya- 

 line ; 3, obsolete, scarcely any, placed at the 

 very base, fugacious, hyaline, vesicular ; 4, 

 many, square, in papillose leaves, but mostly 

 not very conspicuous. Leaves 0-5-nerved. 

 Nerves binate, diverse : 1, divergent from 

 the base, distinct, very callous at the back of 

 the leaf and prominent in the form of a spine 

 from the dorsal surface ; 2, flattened down. 



scarcely callously prominent ; 3, in leaves 

 where the alar cells are vesiculiform, the 

 nerves obsolete, indicated by a pair of very 

 short striae, mostly inconspicuous. 



British Genera. 



a. Internal peristome without interposed cilia. 



I. Neckera. Calyptra dimidiate. Pe- 

 ristome double, single or absent, the internal 

 or the external or both being occasionally ob- 

 solete. External : 16 equidistant or more or 

 less geminate teeth, lanceolate, trabeculate, 

 vYith a longitudinal line composed of a double 

 layer, arising below the orifice, sometimes 

 split into several irregular arms. Internal : 

 similar to the above or capillary, placed on a 

 more or less exserted membrane, conjoined 

 by transverse appendages, very often wholly 

 or partly cancellate. No interposed cilioles. 



II. PiLOTRiCHUM. Calyptra mitriform. 

 Peristome, &c. as in Neckera. 



b. Internal peristome with interposed cilia. 



III. HooKERiA. Calyptra mitriform. 

 Peristome double ; external teeth lanceolate- 

 subulate, with a more or less broad longitu- 

 dinal median line, trabeculate ; internal on a 

 more or less deep, keeled membrane, subu- 

 late, scarcely ciliiform ; rudimentary cilia in- 

 terposed, hardly conspicuous or more rarely 

 perfect. 



IV. Hypnum. Calyptra dimidiate. Peri- 

 stome double. External teeth sixteen, lan- 

 ceolate, trabeculate, with a more or less 

 broad longitudinal line, more rarely a fissm'e, 

 with more or less crest-like prominent tra- 

 beculae within. Internal teeth on a grooved 

 reticulated projecting membrane, lanceolate, 

 articulated, grooved, solid or perforated in 

 the middle, or altogether gaping and sepa- 

 rating. Cilia one to four, interposed, very 

 often rudimentary. 



HYPNUM, Dill.— A large genus of Hyp- 

 noideae (Pleurocarpous Mosses). The British 

 species, amounting to nearly a hundred, are 

 too numerous to be dwelt on here. Many 

 of them are extremely common in all woods, 

 growing on trunks of trees, banks, &c. ; others 

 grow in water or in bogs, &c. The distinc- 

 tions of the species are taken in great part 

 from the forms, &c. of the leaves, which re- 

 quire the use of a microscope for their accu- 

 rate determination. 



BiBL. Hooker, Taylor and Wilson, Mus- 

 cologia Britannica ; Hooker, Brit. Flora, 

 vol. ii. pt. 1 ; Miiller, Synops. Muscorum. 



HYPOCREA, Fr.— A genus of Sph^riacei 



