VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



[ 673 ] 



VEINS. 



which the synopsis of the Animal Kingdom 

 is given, and carry it into effect here only 

 in reference to the Cryptogamous plants. 

 For the microscopic pha^nomena in the Pha- 

 nerogamia described in this work, reference 

 should be made to the articles Tissues. 



Kingdom. 



VEGETABILIA. 



1. Subkingdom. Axophyta or Cormo- 



PHYTA. 



Div. 1. Phanerogamia. Flowering Plants. 

 Subdiv. 1. Angiospermia. 



Class I. DiCOTYLEDONES. 



Most common trees and herbs. 



Class II. MONOCOTYLEDONES. 



Grasses, rushes, most bulbous plants, 

 palms, &c. 



Subdiv. 2. Gymnospermia. 



Class III. COxVIFER^. 



Fu's, pines, yew. 

 Class IV. Cycadace^. 



Cycas, Zamia. 



Div. 2. Cryptogamia. Flowerless plants 

 with stems and leaves. 



Class I. Lycopodiales. 

 Order 1. Marsileace^. 



Pihdaria, Pill-wort. 

 Order 2. LYCOPODiACEiE. 



Club-mosses. 



Class II. Filicales. 

 Order 1. Filicace^. 



Ferns. 

 Order 2. EauiSETACEiE. 

 Horse-tails. 



Class III. MUSCALES. 



Order 1. Muscace^. 



Mosses. 

 Order 2. Hepaticace.,e. 



Liverworts and Scale-mosses. 



(Order of uncertain place, Charace.^.) 



2. Subkingdom. Thallophyta. 



Class I. Alg^. 



Order 1. Floride^. 



Red sea-weeds. 

 Order 2. FucoiDEiE. 



Olive sea-W'Ceds. 

 Order 3. Confervoide^. 



Green silk-weeds, slime-weeds and 

 brittle-weeds (Diatomacese). 



Class II. LiCHENES. 



Order 1. Gymnocarpi. 

 Order 2. Angiocarpi. 



Class III. Fungi. 



Order I. Hymenomycetes. 



Mushrooms, toadstools, di'y-rots. 

 Order 2. Gasteromycetes. 



PuiF-balls. 

 Order 3. Coniomycetes. 



Blights, rusts. 

 Order 4. Hyphomycetes. 



Mildews, moulds and blights. 

 Order 6. Ascomycetes. 



Truffles, toadstools, rusts. 

 Order 6. Physomycetes. 



Moulds and mildews. 



BiBL, Lindley, Vegetable Kingdom', End- 

 licher. Gen. Plant. ; Hooker, British Flora ; 

 Fries, Summ. Veget. Scan. ; Balfour, Class- 

 book ; Henfrey, Sketch of Veg. Kingd. (with 

 atlas) 1855 ; and General Works on Botany. 



VEINS, OF Animals. — The walls of the 

 veins are thinner than those of the arteries, 

 which depends principally upon the less 

 development of the contractile and elastic 

 elements. The inner coat is less developed, 

 but otherwise agrees with that of the arteries 

 in structure. The middle coat is not yellow. 



Fig. 804. 



Longitudinal section of the vena cava inferior, near 

 the liver, a, inner coat ; h, middle coat without muscular 

 fibres; c, inner layer of the outer coat ; a, its longitudinal 

 muscles; /3, its transverse areolar elements ; d, outer por- 

 tion of the outer coat, without muscles. Magnified 30 

 diameters. 



but greyish-red, containing more areolar 

 tissue and fewer elastic fibres and muscles ; 



2x 



