372 



Fishery Bulletin 101(2) 



Figure 2 



Pigmentation of an 8.5-mni Hyporhamphus melanochir larva. (A) 

 Dorsal view; arrows indicate the margins of the 12-15 melano- 

 phore pairs in longitudinal rows. (B) Ventral view. 



Table 3 



Morphometries of larval, transforming larval, and juvenile Hyporhamphus regularis (expressed as % of BL). Mean ±SD is given 

 when sample size n > 1. Dashed lines differentiate larvae, a transforming larva, and juveniles in descending order 



BL(mm) 



7.0' 



7.5-8.0 



8.0-8.5 



8.5-9.0 



9.0-9.5 



9.5-10.0 



10.0-10.5 



13.1 



SnL 



LJ 



LJx 



EDh 



EDv 



HL 



PDL 



PAL 



BDp 



1 



9 



12 



10 



5 



3 



3 



1 



3.2 



2.8 ±0.3 

 2.8 ±0.4 

 2.8 ±0.2 

 2.8 ±0.1 

 2.8+0.1 

 3.0 ±0.3 

 4.0 



4.4 

 4.4 ±0.4 



4.3 ±0.5 

 4.2 ±0.2 



4.4 ±0.4 

 4.4 ±0.3 

 4.8 ±0.9 

 7.6 



1.2 



1.7 ±0.3 



1.5 ±0.3 



1.5 ±0.2 



1.6 ±0.4 



1.7 ±0.2 



1.8 ±0.6 

 3.7 



8.2 



7.6 ±0.1 

 7.5 ±0.3 

 7.2 ±0.2 

 7.0 ±0.1 

 6.9 ±0.4 

 6.8 ±0.2 

 6.9 



6.5 



6.3 ±0.1 

 6.2 ±0.2 

 5.9 ±0.1 

 6.0 ±0.2 

 5.8 ±0.2 

 5.8 ±0.2 

 5.4 



20.4 

 19.9 ±0.6 



19.6 ±0.9 

 19.2 ±0.3 

 19.1 ±0.4 



18.7 ±0.5 

 18.9 ±0.6 

 19.6 



73. 

 73, 

 72, 

 72, 

 72, 

 72, 

 72 

 73 



2 



1 ±0.6 



8 ±0.7 



9 ±0.9 

 3 ±0.7 

 1±1.6 



2 ±0.6 

 2 



71.6 

 71.8 ±0, 

 71.6 ±0, 

 71.8 ±0 

 71.5 ±0, 



71.2 ±1 



71.3 ±0 

 71.9 



11. 6-' 

 11.2 ±0.2 

 11.0 ±0.5 

 10.6 ±0.2 

 10.6 ±0.2 

 10.6 ±0.4 

 10.2 ±0.3 

 9.1 



BDa 



7.4 



8.2 ±1.2 

 7.7 ±0.3 

 7.4 ±0.3 

 7.6 ±0.3 



7.3 ±0.2 

 7.6 ±0.3 

 7.8 



18.1 



1 4.5 



18.6 



14.1 



6.3 



5.4 



19.9 



73.8 



72.6 



9.5 



8.1 



24.7 

 31.5 

 33.8 

 46.9 



1 5.6 



1 6.2 



1 6.4 



1 7.3 



27.7 

 30.0 



27.7 



22.1 

 23.9 

 21.3 



6.3 



6.0 

 6,1 



damaged damaged 5.6 



5.5 

 5.5 

 5.6 



4.7 



20.8 

 21.0 

 21.6 



21.8 



72. 

 74, 

 74. 

 75, 



73.6 

 75.5 

 74.3 

 75.4 



9.7 

 10.7 

 10.9 

 11.2 



8.1 

 8.5 

 8.9 

 9.8 



' Yolksac larva. 

 ^ Includes yolk sac. 



distinct lines of pigment appear along the dorsal margin 

 in juveniles (by 29.3 mm) and remain to adult stage. A 

 series of melanophores form a dashed, sometimes continu- 

 ous, midlateral line. Melanophores appear laterally on the 

 caudal peduncle by 14.4 mm and then proliferate anteri- 

 orly to form a broad medial stripe that remains, forming a 

 silver stripe from the caudal peduncle to the operculum of 

 adults. Ventral pigmentation consists of continuous bands 

 of melanophores either side of the anal-fin base (Fig. 2B). 

 Fins are unpigmented, except the caudal fin, which has 

 small melanophores on the ray bases. 



River garfish {Hyporhamphus regularis 

 Gunther, 1886) (Fig. 3) 



Description of larvae The smallest H. regularis larva ex- 

 amined (7.0 mm) had completed notochord flexion and had 

 a yolk sac. Yolk absorption was complete by 7.6 mm. 



Larval H. regularis closely resemble larval H. melanochir 

 morphologically (see Tables 1 and 3), but differ somewhat 

 in relative length of the lower jaw, relative positions of the 

 dorsal- and anal-fin origins, and in number of vertebrae. 

 The longer lower jaw protrudes beyond the snout (LJx) by 



