52^ 



1 JOHN VLASTELICIA 



2 development, usually during the egg and larval stages. 



3 During these stages, the organisoas lack many of the 



4 protective mechanisms of later development and are often 



5 ' adversely affected by relatively minor kinds and degrees 



6 of pollution. 



7 Planktonic early life stages of a variety 



8 of marine animals are found in near-surface waters through- 



9 out Puget Sound. Among these are the larvae of she 11- 



10 fishes, oysters, clams and crabs, and the egg and larval 



11 stages of several species of important fish, including 



12 flounder, sole, cod and hake. To assess the extent to 



13 which pulp and paper mill wastes affect these sensitive 



14 organisms, extensive bioassay studies were conducted with 



15 Pacific oyster larva and English sole eggs. 



16 These two test organisms are considered 



17 to be representative of a large group of marine organisms 

 Ig found in the study area which are expected to be similarly 



19 affected by pulp and pa{>er mill wastes. This group 



20 includes some ten species of sole, six species of cod, 



21 anchovy, herring, smelt, several species of clams and 



22 crabs, just to mention a few of the more important ones. 



23 The most extensive studies undertaken were 



24 the oyster larva bioassay studies which were conducted 



25 in cooperation with the Washington State Department of 



