( as ) 



or led ; sometimes they are orange. X. geryon (F.) has occasionally orange liiud- 

 wings instead of red ones. Rotkia eriopis (H. S.), from Madagascar, lias bright 

 yellow hindwings in the ordinary tyjje ; the Tring Museum possesses a series of 

 sjiecimens taken in the same district with eriopis which have the hindwings 

 bright carmine. 



Sexual dichromism is not seldom. Usually the female is darker than the nude; 

 such is the case in Phdlaenoides donmvani Boisd., tropica Luc, in the genus 

 Aegocera, in Ophthcdmis inollis (Wlk.), etc. The femvde of Euaemia saturata Wlk. 

 (= doleschcdli Feld.) has the bands on fore- and luiidwings orange, while they 

 are white in the male. 



Other secondary sexual dififerences are not rarely met with. Haase, Iris I. 

 p. 165 (1887), noticed already tufts of long hairs at the base of the abdomen of the 

 'nudes, and described them as scent-organs. These organs are present in all typical 

 Agarislidae, but as the hairs fall oft' easily, they often escape notice. A nuralier of 

 species have, besides, another .scent-organ, not mentioned by Haase, on the hindwings 

 within a deep longitudinal fold (Episteme dentatrix Westw., albonMvginata Moore, 

 hesperioides Wlk., etc.). In the nudes of Audrhippuris Karsch and Hcspagurista 

 \V)k. the abdomen is furnished at the tip with a tail of long hairs. Heculesia Boisd., 

 Androloma Grote, and Aegocera tripartita Kirby have in the vude a stridulating 

 organ on the forewings; a similar one, situated on the hindwings, is present in the 

 'nude of Phalaenoides alhamedia Luc. 



The antennae are usually thicker in the nude than in the fe'nvde ; in the species 

 with pectinated antennae, the pectinations are shorter in the female sex, sometimes 

 scarcely perceptible. The forehead is narrowed behind in the tncdes of a number 

 of species, such as Aegocera trimeni Feld., bimacida Wlk. The terminal joint of 

 the palpi is usually, not always, longest in the female. 



In consequence of my researches on the structural characters of the Agarislidae, 

 which showed me that under the genera Agarisia, Episteme, Phalaenoides, etc., 

 very heterogeneous forms stand united, I am obliged to propose a good number of 

 new genera, which I base on such characters as can more easily be grasjied. There 

 is only one alternative — either to split u|) the family in a greater number of genera, 

 or to treat all Agarislidae as " Agarista." In what state the division of the 

 Agaristidae into genera at present is will be understood when I say that the diagnosis 

 of every genus of this family in Ham[)son, Moths of India, is wrong. I divide the 

 Agaristidae in the following groups : — 



Group I. — A'ldeivnae si'mple ; forevoitigs ivithout areole. 



a. African forms. — There are no representatives of this grouj) in the Aethiopian 

 fauna. 



b. Indo- Australian forms. — Here comes only the genus Episteme HI)., with lectrix 

 (L.) as type. Hampson, Moths of I'luiia II. p. 149(1894), rejects Hiibner's name 

 of Episteme as " gewus non descrijAuvi" (many other genera of Hiilmer's have 

 been accepted in that volume) and employs the name of Eusnnia Dalm. The 

 incompleteness of Hiibner's generic descriptions is no reason not to accept his 

 names ; insufficient are so many (perhaps most) diagnoses of Lepidopterous genera 

 created by iincient and modern authors, and so many genera have been based upon 

 heterogeneous forms — even Hampson's diagnosis of " Eusemia " applies only to some 

 of the species included in that genus in Molhs of hulia — that I fully agree with 



