( 484 ) 



(4) The Ceylouese and South ludiaa subspecies is iu the geuital armature and 

 in the shape of the wing nearer related' to the forms inhahiting Sumba, Wetter, 

 and Timor, than to the Indian form. 



(5) The subspecies which are in colour and j)attern nearly allied * {xarpedon 

 mrpedon from India, sarpcdon cAorct/on from Australia, itarpfdon monticolus from 

 Celebes) need not be similar in respect to the genital armature. 



(6) The sjiring and summer broods in North India and Japan are not ditferent 

 iu the genital armature. 



11. Papilio bathycles : f. 4(1 to 50. 



"We have selected this species out of a number of " green " Eastern Papilios for 

 two reasons : first, because the harpc of the sjiecies has long spines and processes 

 the variation of which is more easily demonstrated ; secondly, because the throe 

 subspecies of the species (Java ; IMalacca, Sumatra, Borneo ; North India and 

 Burma), though in external characters not always distinguishable (at least as 

 regards those two of them of which we have a long series), are in the harpes, 

 according to our material, always different. We believe that the great gap between 

 the harpe of the North Indian form and that of the Malayan form, and the smaller 

 gap between the Malayan and the Java subspecies, are due to the circumstance 

 that we have not examined specimens from the interjacent countries, Tenasserim and 

 South-West Sumatra. 



As the valve of P. bathycles does not vary to any extent, we figure only the 

 harpe. The harpe consists of a fold extending ventrally from the base of the valve 

 to near the apex, and from here to near the dorsal edge of the valve ; the fohl is 

 apically produced into a ventral spine («), <i ventral ridge (Ij), and into a dorsal 

 ridge (c), all of which extend iu an apical direction; the fold between the dorsal 

 ridge and the ventral ridge is very slightly raised. 



a. P. buthycles bathydm from Java ; f. 46. 



We have examined but four individuals, the harpe of one of which is represented 

 by f. 46. In all fmr specimens the ventral spine (a) is simple, without denticula- 

 tion ; the ventral ridge is dentate, either of the form as represented iu f. 46, with 

 a small dentate^ dilatation at its dorsal edge, or the place of this dOatation is 

 occupied by some small teeth ; the dorsal ridge is broad, denticulate, and has 

 generally one larger tooth, as in f. 46 ; tlie surface of tlie ridge is basally limited 

 by a faint fold. 



b. J', bathycles bathycloidex from Sumatra, Malacca, and Borneo ; f. 47. 



F. 47 is taken from a Bornean exam])le. The ventral spine is either simjile, 

 or, as in figure, denticulate at the tip ; the ventral ridge is longer and basally much 

 narrower than in the Java form, being there without dilatation or denticulation ; 

 tlie (h)rsal ridge is nearly shaped as in bathycles bathycles, but the fold e is more 

 obviously marked and has a different direction. 



c. P. bathycles chiron from Sikkim, Assam, Burma ; f. 48, 40, 50. 



The material of this form which stood at our disiKisal was much larger than 

 that of the two jjreceding subspecies, and consequently the amount of variability 



• The words " allied " aud " related " iccan here simjily " siinilarify." not phylogcnctic relationship. 



