( 557 ) 



further, shows ai,'ain that the female sex is, as repeatedly contemleil by me, in 

 advance of the male sex. 



We have thus recognized that thi' 6 of Ch. /jrotoclca (Fig. 12) is loss advanced 

 in that particular part of the venation than its ? (Fig. 13), and that also the species 

 protocU'd is less advanced than azoia. which species agrees in both sexes with Fig. 13. 

 Now in pattern the i of yi>/-o/or/rt( is decidedly more specialized than the i of azota; 

 hence we have here a clear demonstration of the peculiar and very important 

 phenomenon, which classifiers should always bear in mind, that one and the same 

 species (protoclea) is in one character more specialized and in another character 

 more generalized than its close ally (azota) ; speaking of a species or family as 

 being more specialized than another does not mean that the higher specialization 

 is found in all organs. 



Fitt. 4. 



Fib. 



n 



d' 



Kici. lu. 



Fig. 12. 



It is, further, of interest to note that all the Indo-Australian Ckaraxes have 

 D^ as in Fig. 12, that the African Vh. raraites and fulvegcens, the pattern of which is 

 in many respects generalized, agree also with Fig. 12, while some species with 

 aberrant wings, like zooliiia, and some of the larger sexually dichromatic species 

 {violetta, numenes, ameliae) ■d<^vee, at least in the ?, with Fig. 13. J^illa, with a 

 specialized pattern, has the veinlet even more basal than it is in Fig. 13. 



The legs of Ckaraxes ;iiid allies (PI. XIII. f. 15—21) present also a few 

 characters which must be mentioned liere. Tlie iiinder and middle tibiae of Eulcpis, 

 Ckaraxes, and Euxanthe are spiny above and below, while in I'alla the spines of 

 the upperside are represented by short hairs which are concealed under the scaling. 

 The upperside of the tarsi is in Euxanthe furnished with much longer spines than 

 in the other genera. 



39 



