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The sense-bristles of the veutral surface are uot very conspicuous, being mostly 

 short. Though from some species the bristles are almost entirely absent (f. 17, 

 Gonepteryx), and in others there are obvious bristles only on some of the joints, in 

 by far the greater jiercentagc of Pierinae we find regularly a lateral i)air standing 

 about in the middle of the joint and an ajiical pair of more mesial position (figs. 16, 

 19, 23); besides the regular pair of lateral bristles, there are on the joints of the 

 stalk mostly some more lateral ones of variable position, forming sometimes 

 {LeptosiiC) a nearly regular transverse series. The dorsal bristles are in the few 

 species with sparse scaling {Mesapia, f 21) very strong also on the stalk. 



In the extent of the scaling the antennae present the following types: (1) The 

 whole dorsal surface scaled, inclusive of the last joint ; a ventral median stripe 

 extending from the apex down the stalk for a variable distance not-scaled {(ionepteryx, 

 f. 17; Phulia), or the not-scaled area restricted to the club {ynflmlis). (2) The 

 last one (in very many species) to four (seldom, some Eurema for instance) joints 

 not scaled dorsally ; a ventral not-scaled stripe down the stalk for a variable distance. 

 (3) Like (2), but the joints of the stalk scaled at apex (f. 24, P. brassiaie), or at base 

 aud apex. (4) The scaling sparse, almost confined to the external side of dorsal 

 surface (figs. 21, 22, Mesapia). 



The formation of the club of Pierinae furnishes often good characters for the 

 distinction of genera. To give an instance, I have figured the apical joints of 

 the antennae of some species of Eurema, under which generic term a variety of 

 diflerent forms are united by most authors. In the American species with rounded 

 hindwings (f. 25, E. albula) the apical joint of the antenna is free, not fused 

 with the preceding one, longer than broad; the following joints are broader at the 

 apex than at the base, so that the club has almost a serrate appearance; the grooves 

 are long and reach the apical edges of the joints. In the American sj)ecies with 

 angled hindwings {E. hoyotana, t 26) the last two joints are fused to one, which 

 bears two grooves, and the following joints are as broad at the base as at the apex; 

 the grooves are smaller than in E. alhula aud allies, but are continued nearly to the 

 apical edges. The species of the Eastern Hemisj)liere have the aj)ical joint free like 

 E. albula, but very short (f. 27, /:,'. Itecabe): the following joints are slightly 

 narrowed at the base, but not so much as in albula; the grooves are small and 

 rounded as in bogotana, but do not reach the apices of the joints. 



The aberrant Pierid of which the last joints of the antennae are represented by 

 f. 28 is Pseudopontia parndoxa: the antenna of this sj)ecies has twenty-seven joints 

 only, and there is no indication of the formation of a club ; the joints are basally 

 and apically narrowed; the grooves are large and very distinct: at the apical edge 

 of the groove the pair of bristles is visible which is normal for most Pieridae. 



b. DISMORPHIINAE. 



The last two joints are always merged into one, which is often nearly as long as 

 the two following ones together {JMsmorphia orise). Besides this " apical joint," 

 two more {Ijnicophasia sinapis) or a greater number of joints of the club are not 

 scaled, while the rest of the antenna is always scaled all over. The highest number 

 of joints that are bare of scales ventrally is thirteen, the not-scaled area never extend- 

 ing down to the stalk, being always confined to the club. Dorsally tlie scaling is a 

 little more extended than ventrally, the one or two i)roximal joints that participate 

 of the bare area being scaled above. The sexes dilier sometimes obviously in the 



