( 388 ) 



bristles are fonnd only on the proximal joints. The lateral pair of bristles fonnd in 

 all Nym{)halids stands rather close to the base on the joints of the stalk (f. oit). On 

 the clnb tliere is only one basal, admesial, pair of bristles, and tlie lateral pair stands 

 between the base and middle of the joint. In a dorsal view (f. 51) of the antenna 

 we observe, besides the veutro-lateral pair of bristles, a second dorsal pair just 

 behind the middle of the joint. The sides of the joints are rongh with setiferons 

 jinnctures. 



/ SATYRINAE. 



Thongh this gronp is not so large as regards nnmber of species as the Kym- 

 phnlinae, tliere is a greater variety in the development of the antennae than in that 

 snbfamily, and I have no donbt that the extent of the scaling, the length and 

 position of the bristles, the strnctnre of the last joint or joints of the clnb, as well 

 as the development of the carinae and grooves, will one day be of great nse in the 

 classification of these Bntterflies. 



In regard to the scaling there are five principal t^-pes to be drstingnished : — 



(1) The scaling occupies the whole dorsal surface except the last joint; the 

 ventral side is also scaled with the exception of the distal or all joints of the clnb. 

 In Triphjaa {phryne, doJirni) the not-scaled area is restricted to four joints. 



(2) Tlie scaling is extended as before, bnt the ventral side of the clnb and small 

 spaces on the distal joints of the stalk, not reaching the apex of the respective joint, 

 not scaled (f. 55, Ep.janira). A ver}' common type. 



(3) Dorsal scaling as before, bnt the ventral not-scaled area rnnning down the 

 stalk to (abont) the fifth proximal joint, not iuterrnptcd by scaling {Sfitynm (fe'/dnira). 



(4) Ventral scaling as before, bnt the apical half of the clnb (or more joints) 

 not scaled dorsally (Let/ir). 



(5) Scaling absent (except the most proximal joints). This t3'pe is comparatively 

 rare (PiereUa and allies). 



According to the great divergency in the strnctnre of tlie not-scaled ventral 

 snrfiice, the antennae of Satyrinae can be classified into fonr groups (none of which 

 correspond with the above five groups) : — 



(1) The ordinary tj-pe, met with in liy far the greater nnmber of Satyrinae, 

 has three carinae, between which are two grooves as in other Nymphalid 

 Butterflies. The carinae vary much in height, are generally simple, but are 

 in Pierella (only) finely serrate as in BrassoUnae. The internal — upper — groove 

 is on the stalk nearly always narrower than the external one;(f 55, F.. jnmra), 

 and is in most Satyrinae developed only on the distal joints of the stalk (and 

 on the club), in wliich case the more proximal joints of tlie stalk appear to be 

 one-grooved and remind one very much of the single-grooved antennae of Pierinae 

 and Erycinidofi. However, the median carina becomes plainly visible, if one 

 removes the scales, and in many forms the vestige of the second groove will be 

 fonnd under the scaling. The position of the single groove is not altered, it being 

 jilaced (f 55) exactly like the external groove of the two-grooved joints, i.e. is more 

 external than the single groove of Pierinae and Erycinidae. The fine sense-hairs 

 are either distributed all over the grooves (f. 56, S. dejanira), or stand in a patch 

 (f. 55, E. janira). There are two jiairs of sense-bristles, a basal pair situated in the 

 grooves, and a lateral pair, which is either riiedian or subapical: the basal jiair is 

 sometimes obsolete. On the not-scaled dorsal side of the apical joints we find two 

 bristles in many species (f. 60, Taygetis erubencens). Taygetis chrysogone (IS.^l) is 



