AVOIDANCE RESPONSE OF THE COMMON SHINER TO CHLORINE 835 



bass and rosyface shiner occurred when avoidance thresholds were 

 correlated with the HOCl fraction in the TRC. Larrick etal. (1978) 

 reported that the first significant avoidance by the golden 

 shiner {Notemigonus crysoleucas), tested at 12, 18, 24, and 30°C, 

 correlated highly with the HOCl fraction in the TRC. Although the 

 golden shiner first avoided TRC levels from 0.20 to 0.40 mg/liter, 

 depending on the acclimation temperature, the HOCl concentration 

 at these threshold avoidances ranged from 0.015 to 0.017 mg/liter. 



The common shiner demonstrated an ability to actively avoid 

 lethal and sublethal chloramine concentrations. The first significant 

 avoidance (0.207 mg/liter at 12°C) by the shiner of chloramine in 

 unheated treatments was less than half the 48-hr LC5 ^ obtained by 

 Brooks and Seegert (1978) at 10 and 20°C (0.54 and 0.50 

 mg/liter, respectively). The avoidance threshold for preferred 

 temperature trials at 12°C (0.399 mg/liter) was also less than the 

 LC5 values obtained at 10 and 20° C, and the avoidance threshold at 

 24° C (0.195 mg/liter) was approximately half the lethal chloramine 

 concentration found at 30°C (0.38 mg/liter). 



General standards for intermittent chlorine discharges have been 

 established. Recommended weekly FRC levels are 0.20 mg/liter, and 

 the maximum is 0.50 mg/liter FRC (Environmental Protection 

 Agency, 1973); these levels are applicable to the Glen Lyn Power 

 Plant. Although the lethal threshold of FRC for the common shiner 

 has not been reported, nitrogenous compounds inherent in New 

 River water may form chloramine concentrations in potentially 

 hazardous levels. Whether or not the chlorinated residuals are 

 considered acceptable or toxic, the common shiner appears to have 

 demonstrated the ability to actively perceive and avoid sublethal 

 chloramine residuals. 



ACKNOWLEDGMEIMT 



The research reported here was supported by the American 

 Electric Power Service Corporation, Canton, Ohio. 



REFERENCES 



American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water 



Pollution Control Federation, 1976, Standard Methods for the Examination 



of Water and Wastewater, 14th ed., Washington, D. C. 

 Becker, C. D., and T. O. Thatcher (Comps.), 1973, Toxicity of Power Plant 



Chemicals to Aquatic Life, USAEC Report WASH-1249, Atomic Energy 



Commission, Washington, D. C. 



