Wisner and McMillan: Review of new world hagfishes of the genus Myxine 



537 



Description Counts and proportions are given in 

 Tables 1-7. Body slender, cylindrical; tail length about 

 12% of TL, its depth about 35% of its length; VFF very 

 low, portions intermittently absent; CFF variably well 

 developed, ranging between thick at cloaca and around 

 tail to thin dorsally, ending about over cloaca; rostrum 

 broadly rounded at tip; all cusps in anterior sets bul- 

 bous at bases, those of posterior sets not bulbous; all 

 unicusps straight or only slightly curved; body color 

 blackish-brown with no pale areas or spots; head only 

 slightly paler; face pale to slightly past mouth; barbels 

 almost entirely pale; GA and slime pores with very 

 narrow pale margins. The 702-mm paratype (SIO90- 

 141) has 49 dark brown eggs as large as 17x5 mm, with 

 many tiny round eggs scattered among them; the holo- 

 type has many eggs to about 11 mm, but was not opened 

 fully for count; well-developed testicular tissue present 

 posterior to eggs; the 651-mm paratype is spent or im- 

 mature and has very few tiny eggs present. 



Etymology The name hubbsoides refers to the simi- 

 larity to Myxine hubbsi described above. 



Distribution Known only from off central Chile be- 

 tween Coquimbo and Punta Topocalma (Fig. 3). 



Myxine pequenoi new species. 



Holotype SIO90-145, 183 mm TL, maturing female, 

 taken at 41°29'S, 74°09'W, 185 m. 



Paratype SIO90-146, 175 mm TL, mature male, 

 taken at 40°44'S, 74°14'W, 215 m. 



Diagnosis A 2-cusp multicusp on both anterior and 

 posterior sets of cusps; total cusps 26-28; seven gill 

 pouches each side; VFF nearly vestigial; total slime 

 pores 81-85; a dwarfed species. 



Etymology We name this species for German 

 Pequeno R., Instituto de Zoologia, Universidad Aus- 

 tral de Chile, Valdivia, for his work on the fishes of 

 Chile and for making specimens available to us. 



Distribution Known only from the type specimens 

 taken south of Valdivia, Chile, about 41°S, 74°W (Fig. 3). 



Discussion Within the genus Myxine, only three 

 species have seven gill pouches (except rarely in M. 

 hubbsi and M. mcmillanae). These three are M. 

 capensis Regan, 1913, from off South Africa (22° to 

 25°S, 16°17°W), M. ios Fernholm, 1981, from south- 

 west of Ireland (40° to 41°N, 12° to 13°W) and M. 

 pequenoi (described above) from off Chile. Propor- 

 tions of the three species are quite similar despite 

 the dwarfed condition of M. pequenoi, but significant 

 differences occur in certain counts. Those for M. 

 pequenoi are given first followed in parentheses by 

 those for M. capensis and M. ios. Total cusps 26-28 

 (36-43, 44-49); prebranchial slime pores 22-23 (26- 

 28-28-36); total slime pores 81-88 (92-110, 103- 

 117). Body colors are similar in all three species ex- 

 cept that M. ios from near Ireland has a white head; 

 the others do not. Myxine paucidens (known only from 

 Japan) has the same number of unicusps as M. 

 pequenoi (4 on anterior and 5 on posterior sets of 

 cusps) but is distinctly different with six gill pouches, 

 as well as having wide geographical separation. 



Myxine dorsum new species 



Holotype ISH 99-1971, 440 mm female, taken at 

 54°25'S, 59°42'W, 140-ft bottom trawl, 112 m. 



Paratype SI092-21 (formerly ZIN 722-966), 490 

 mm female, taken at 49°16'S, 57°02'W, bottom trawl, 

 630-650 m. 



Description Counts and proportions are given in 

 Tables 1-7. Body slender, slightly deeper than wide; 

 tail about 12% of TL, its depth about 30% of its length; 

 VFF very low; CFF thick at margin, thinner around 

 tail, ending well behind a vertical from origin of 

 cloaca; rostrum short, sharply pointed; barbels small, 

 pale; all cusps have bulbous bases, with sharp, slen- 

 der points; seven gill pouches; head and body me- 

 dium brown, lighter ventrally; GA and slime pores 

 with narrow pale margins; VFF and CFF with pale 

 margins; holotype with 10 maturing eggs to 10x4 mm; 

 most eggs in a single row; paratype with well-devel- 

 oped testes. We regard this species as dwarfed be- 

 cause of the advanced sexual development of these 

 two small specimens, 175 and 183 mm TL (even 

 smaller than M. mccoskeri described above). 



Diagnosis A 2-cusp multicusp on both the anterior 

 and posterior sets of cusps; six gill pouches; VFF low, 

 2.0 mm high; CFF extending forward dorsally as a 

 ridge beyond a vertical from cloacal origin three to 

 four times the length of tail; total slime pores 108- 

 113; color light pinkish-brown. 



Description Counts and proportions are given in 

 Tables 1-7. Body moderately slender, slightly deeper 

 than wide; tail about 13% of TL, its depth 40% of its 

 length; VFF low, 2.0 mm, mounted on a prominent 

 fleshy narrow triangular base extending 4-7 mm 

 from body and defined by an intermittent suture-like 

 line below the rows of pores; a structure similar to 

 that of M. fernholmi (described above) but much less 

 strongly developed; CFF wide, thick ventrally, thin- 



