BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 363 



63.— MEMORIAL ADDRESSED TO TBIE BUREAU OF AGEICPLTUKE 

 OF THE IMPERIAL. SENATE FOR FINLAND, JANUARY 20, 1S83, IN 

 REGARD TO THE ADVISAEilLIT Y OF INTRODUCING ARTIFICIAL 

 FISH-CULTURE IN FINLAND.* 



By PROF. A. J. MALMGKEBT. 



After having visited, in September last, the piscicultural establish- 

 ment of Nikolsk, in the Government of Nowgorod, in compliance with a 

 written request of the bureau of agriculture of the imperial senate, 

 dated June 15, 1882, I now take the liberty, in obedience to one of the 

 instructions therein contained, to report on my journey and the observa- 

 tions made during the same, giving at the same time my opinion as to 

 the advisability of introducing artificial fish-culture in Finland, and 

 more especially as to the practicability of employing the system adopted 

 at Nikolsk. 



After having been furnished with a letter of introduction from Baron 

 E. af Forselles, then vice-governor general, to the various authorities 

 of the empire with whom I would come in contact, I started for St. 

 Petersburg on the 10th of September, accompanied by the inspector 

 of the depot at Hyvinge, captain in the guards Fr. Hayren, who was 

 to act as my interpreter. Soon after my arrival at St. Petersburg I was 

 furnished with another letter of recommendation, principally through 

 the kindness of Mr. E. Streng, first secretary in the imperial ministry 

 of Domains, to the director of the piscicultural establishment at Nikolsk. 

 On the following day I left St. Petersburg by the Nikolajew Eailway, 

 traveling about 250 wersts [107 miles], as far as the station of Waldaika, 

 and on the next day 78 wersts [52 miles], by stage-coach to Nikolsk, 

 which is about 40 wersts [27 miles] distant from Waldai, the capital of 

 that district. Here we staid 24 hours with the amiable director of the 

 establishment, Dr. O. Grimm, professor at the Academy of Forestry in 

 St. Petersburg, who had spent his summer vacation here with his family, 

 and lived in a house belonging to the establishment and located between 

 the fish-ponds. 



The founder of this establishment is Wladimir Pawlowitsch Wrasky, 

 a man of noble ancestry, whose mother is said to have been a Tolstoi. 

 Whilst pursuing his studies at the University of Dorpat, where he ob- 

 tained the degree of " Candidate," he read the works of Coste and other 

 authors on artificial fish-culture, which awakened such a lively interest 

 in him for this new industry, which was then but little known and had 

 hardly been put to a practical test, as to determine him to devote him- 



*"An die Ackerbau-Expedition im kaiserlichen Senatfur Finnland van dtm Inspector der 

 Fischereien den 20 Januar abgegebene Gutachten, in iviefern es geeignet ware in Finnland 

 kiinstliche Fischzuchl tinzufiihren." Helsingfors, 1883. Translated from the German 

 by Herman Jacobson. 



Note. —Professor Malmgren is the inspector of fisheries iu Finland. — C. W. S. 



