368 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 



owing to the great expense of transportation from Nikolsk to St. Peters- 

 burg and Moscow, the raising of otlier kinds of fish does not offer any 

 great inducement. As early as during the reigns of Frederick I and 

 Frederick the Great, sterlets were introduced in Prussia and placed in 

 several lakes, where, however, they did not propagate. The same will 

 doubtless be the case with those sterlets which the Duke of Sutherland 

 some time ago transferred to a lake in Scotland. 



As regards the mission of the Nikolsk establishment to serve as a 

 school of fish culture, it has not been carried out in any degree worth 

 speaking of, because, on accouut of its out-of-the-way location, the estab- 

 lishment is but rarely visited, and has, in fact, until quite recently 

 hardly been known. 



As regards fish-culture in Russia in general I gathered the following 

 data: According to Sudakewitsch, Dr. J. Knoch had, as far back as 1857, 

 commenced to raise carp in some ponds on the estate of Strelna, belong- 

 ing to the Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolajewitsck; and somewhat later 

 the same doctor is said to have founded a piscicultural establishment 

 on an estate belonging to the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolajewitsch, but 

 with what result I could not learn. Several scientists have also occu- 

 pied themselves with the artificial hatching of fish-eggs, but they did 

 this exclusively for scientific purposes and for studying the early 

 development of the different kinds of sturgeons, especially the sterlets. 

 During the last few years Mr. K. Muschinsky, a banker, has hatched 

 Coregmms and trout eggs in his house in St. Petersburg, No. 54 Newski 

 Prospect, and has had the young fry transported to his estate in Poland. 

 Among those persons in Russia who have begun to take a lively interest 

 in fish-culture, since the Berlin Exposition ot 1880, Chamberlain and 

 Counsellor of State W. von Greig occupies the most prominent place. 

 At Weessen, one of his estates in Courland, he has founded an exten- 

 sive and model piscicultural establishment, with large ponds, aqueducts, 

 and cascades. According to the report of the German Professor Ben- 

 ecke, sterlets and carp had been raised there as early as 1881; the 

 young fry of the latter fish had been brought from Germany; they also 

 raise there brook and lake trout and Coregonus. When Professor Ben- 

 ecke visited the establishment it was not yet finished, but there was every 

 prospect of its completion within a short time. After the model of the 

 aristocratic German Fishery Association in Berlin, of which the Ger- 

 man CroAvn Prince is the patron, and Chamberlain von Behr,of Schmol- 

 dow, has been director for the last 7 or 8 years, there was founded last 

 year at St. Petersburg the "Russian Association for the furtherance 

 of the Fishing Industry and Fish Culture." This association is pa- 

 tronized by Grand DukeLergej Alexandrowitsch; Chamberlain W. von 

 Greig is its president, and Prof. O. Grimm its secretary. The first 

 work of this association will probably be to draw up suitable fishery 

 regulations for Russia. According to Professor Grimm there are in 

 Russia proper no laws whatever to regulate the fisheries, whilst there- 

 are some, though of comparatively ancient date, in the Baltic x^rovinces. 



