370 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 



regards its activity, it must be said that the history of this association 

 is the history of artificial fish culture in Germany during thelast ten years. 

 At the instance and by the aid of the German Fishery Association, the 

 great majority of whose members are high officials, members of the aris- 

 tocracy, and wealthy landed proprietors, there sprang up, within a 

 short time, many private piscicultural establishments great and small, 

 in different parts of the empire, whose main object was to produce young 

 hsh in an artificial way, and by placing them iu open waters to stock 

 these anew with fish, and thus to furnish an additional supply of cheap 

 and wholesome food for the large population of the empire. The object 

 was, therefore, altogether the same as that which the Imperial Gov- 

 ernment of France had in view twenty years earlier. Some idea may 

 be obtained of the extent of the activity of this association when we 

 state that in the year 1880-1881, more than 0,000,000 impregnated fish- 

 eggs, 1,800,000 salmon-eggs, and 2,000,000 e$gs of the Coregomts were 

 hatched in the establishments of the association. In the following year 

 the number of eggs hatched was 4,000,000, among them 1,270,000 salmon- 

 eggs. The largest and most famous piscicultural establishments iu Ger- 

 many, which sell, at fixed prices, young fry and impregnated eggs, 

 mostly of the salmon and marane, are: the well known Government es- 

 tablishment at LTuuiugen, in Alsace, under the superintendence of Di- 

 rector Haack ; Radolizell, on the Lake of Constance, and Selzenhof, near 

 Freiburghjin Baden, both belonging to Mayor Schuster; Lubbincheu, 

 near Guben, belonging to Mr. R. Eckardt, and Berneuchen, belongiug to 

 Mr. Max von dem Borne. The above-mentioned gentlemen are at the same 

 time the most famous and most experienced pisciculturists of Germany. 

 During the last five years the German Fishery Association has endeav- 

 ored to acclimatize various American fish. The beginning was made 

 with the shad (Alosa prccstabilis DeKay) which is found in very large 

 numbers in the American rivers. This fish iu its looks and habits re- 

 sembles the German may-fish, and the " Wolga herring" (Clupia caspia 

 Eich.), which ascends the river Volga from the Caspian Sea in enormous 

 numbers. The attempt to acclimatize it in Germany, however, did not 

 prove successful. At the same time attempts were made to acclimatize 

 in the Danube the California salmon (Salmo guinnat, Rich) . The attempt 

 to keep these fish alive in some ponds proved successful, but their trans- 

 fer to the Danube, although made on a large scale, has not been aecom- 

 mpauied by any favorable result, nor are the prospects for the future 

 very promising; for it is well known that all attempts made in America 

 to introduce this salmon in the rivers on the Atlantic coast, have 

 proved failures, although the placing of the young fry in the rivers was 

 done under the superintendence of highly experienced and persevering 

 pisciculturists. There have also been introduced in Germany impregna- 

 ted eggs of the following kinds of American fish: the # American fresh- 

 water salmon (landlocked salmon), Salmo fontinalis (a kind of saibling), 

 and Salmo irideus, as well as a kind of American Corcgonus (Coregonus al- 



