YOUNG JACK CREVALLES 



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100 150 200 



STANDARD LENGTH IN MM. 



250 



300 



Figure 92. — Carani hippos and C. lugubris: Relation of the mean number of scutes to standard length. 



mm. and 22.0 mm. and at 22.5 mm. and above. 

 The lengths of the preopercular-angle spine asso- 

 ciate with the probable trend of decrease in spine 

 length of the "latus and/or hippos" group (fig. 94). 

 Preopercular upper-limb spines were absent in all 

 specimens. Preopercular lower-limb spines, miss- 

 ing on the damaged 12.7-mm. specimen, numbered 

 3 at 20.4 mm.; 4 at 18.6 mm., 21.8 mm., and 22.1 

 mm.; 5 at 18.7 mm. and 20.8 mm.; and 6 at 15.3 

 mm. and 16.3 mm. (table 1 ). 



Pigmentation. — Three of the juvenile comple- 

 ment of five (rarely four or six) body bars are 

 present at 15.3 mm.; the fourth and fifth bars are 

 an undivided pigment mass at this size. The 

 covering of the brain case above the eye and the 

 upper portion of the operculum possess pigment 

 accumulations. A pigmented area of the body at 

 the upper edge of the operculum has probably been 

 termed an additional body bar by some authors. 

 The first dorsal is densely pigmented, the pigment 

 extending to the eighth spine. Pigment spots are 

 present on the anal spines and their interspinous 



membranes and on the pelvic fins. The other fins 

 are unpigmented (fig. 81). 



Five body bars are present on a 16.3-mm. 

 specimen. With rare exceptions, probably due to 

 fading after preservation, the bars are present on 

 specimens up to 164 mm.; and specimens 248 mm. 

 and above lack bars. The bars are slightly wider 

 than the interspaces. They extend nearly to the 

 base of the anal fin to about 60 mm., and begin to 

 shorten toward the straight lateral line above this 

 size (figs. 81 to 84). An area of pigmentation 

 develops on the top of the peduncle at about 30 

 mm. (fig. 83) and is very dark on specimens of 

 more than 100 mm. 



The pigment area over the eye elongates postero- 

 dorsally to form the nuchal band between 20 mm. 

 and 30 mm. A pigmented area below the eye 

 suggests a bending and continuation of the nuchal 

 band through the eye (figs. 82 and 83). Massing 

 of pigment on the operculum between 20 mm. and 

 30 mm. forms the opercular spot (figs. 83 and 84). 



Pigmentation on the first dorsal fin decreases 



