FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 85, NO. 2 



Table 1 .—Morphometries of Icellnus quadriseriatus larvae, represented as a mean percentage (Xp) of body length, with a range (r) of 

 percentages and a standard deviation (SD). Specimens between dashed lines are undergoing flexion of the notochord. * = reared larvae. 



Size 

 range 

 (mm) 



Preanal length 



Body depth 



Pectoral fin length 



Head length 



Eye diameter 



N 



SD 



SD 



SD 



SD 



SD 



2.5-2.9 

 •2.5-2.9 



3.0-3.4 

 •3.0-3.4 



3.5-3.9 

 •3.5-3.9 



4.0-4.4 

 •4.0-4.4 



4.5-4.9 

 •4.5-4.9 



42.0 

 47.5 

 41.2 

 45.9 

 43.0 

 39.5 

 43.0 

 39.7 

 46.0 

 45.0 



38.5-46.1) 

 41.1-51.7) 

 39.1-45.0) 

 41.2-51.3) 

 41.0-44.0) 

 34.4-50.5) 

 40.0-47.5) 

 36.8-43.2) 

 41.9-47.8) 

 40.9-49.1) 



4.1 

 4.7 

 2.7 

 3.8 

 1.4 

 4.9 

 3.3 

 3.2 

 3.2 

 5.8 



29.6 

 25.3 

 23.8 

 21.7 

 22.9 

 19.0 

 24.9 

 20.4 

 23.8 

 24.6 



25.2-31.9 

 23.5-27.5 

 21.8-25.5 

 19.1-24.2 

 21.1-26.6 

 15.8-28.5 

 21.0-28.2 

 15.2-25.2 

 22.1-27.3 

 23.1-26.0 



3.0 

 1.7 

 2.0 

 2.1 

 2.5 

 4.2 

 3.0 

 5.0 

 2.4 

 2.1 



5.9 

 8.4 

 9.1 

 9.4 

 7.4 



10.7 

 9.3 



10.5 

 7.4 



12.5 



(5.2-6.8) 

 (4.3-13.1) 

 (7.9-11.0) 

 (7.1-12.1) 

 (6.6-8.7) 

 (7.4-16.7) 

 (7.3-10.3) 

 (6.6-14.8) 

 (6.8-8.0) 

 (10.7-14.2) 



0.9 

 3.9 

 1.5 

 1.7 

 0.9 

 2.7 

 1.4 

 4.1 

 0.6 

 2.5 



24.0 

 25.3 

 23.0 

 23.6 

 22.8 

 21.3 

 24.5 

 23.1 

 22.4 

 27.5 



20.4-26.2 

 22.1-28.5 

 21.8-24.7 

 18.2-26.7 

 21.1-25.1 

 17.6-31.5 

 23.0-26.1 

 19.1-26.6 

 19.4-25.9 

 27.3-27.6 



2.5 

 2.6 

 1.3 

 2.8 

 1.7 

 4.6 

 1.3 

 3.8 

 2.8 

 0.2 



11.3 



12.2 



10.9 



11.3 



10.2 



9.7 



9.9 



9.9 



9.3 



11.7 



(9.6- 



(11.1- 



(10.3- 



(10.0- 



(9.7- 



(8.2- 



(9.0- 



(8.2- 



(8.9- 



(11.6- 



12.2) 

 14.1) 

 11.3) 

 12.4) 

 10.9) 

 13.6) 

 10.8) 

 11.1) 

 10.0) 

 11.8) 



1.2 

 1.3 

 0.4 

 0.9 

 0.5 

 1.8 

 0.7 

 1.5 

 0.9 

 0.1 



5.0-5.4 

 5.5-5.9 

 •5.5-5.9 

 6.0-6.4 

 6.5-6.9 

 7.0-7.4 



4 

 4 

 1 

 4 

 4 

 4 



45.6 

 44.9 

 48.6 

 49.2 

 46.0 

 46.7 



44.0-48.7) 

 43.6-48.0) 



46.1-54.7) 

 44.3-49.9) 

 44.1-52.2) 



2.1 



2.1 



3.7 

 2.7 

 3.2 



24.9 

 26.5 

 26.6 

 27.3 

 27.2 

 27.8 



21.1-27.7; 

 25.3-28.0; 



25.9-28.3; 

 24.4-31.2 

 25.4-29.1 



2.8 

 1.2 



1.4 

 3.0 

 1.5 



7.4 



8.7 



14.8 



9.1 



11.5 



12.1 



(5.5-9.2) 

 (6.5-10.5) 



(7.5-11.4) 

 (8.1-15.7) 

 (9.3-14.9) 



1.8 

 4.6 

 2.9 



23.4 

 25.4 

 29.7 

 27.5 

 29.4 

 27.9 



20.4-26.2 

 22.5-27.5 



24.4-30.2 

 25.3-33.9 

 24.7-31.5 



2.6 

 2.3 



2.4 

 3.9 

 2.5 



9.1 

 9.3 

 11.0 

 8.7 

 8.9 

 8.8 



(8.5-10.0) 

 (8.7-10.0) 



(8.3-9.2) 

 (8.4-9.4) 

 (8.5-9.2) 



0.7 

 0.6 



0.4 

 0.4 

 0.3 



47.0-49.7) 1.5 27.5 



47.7-53.6) 4.2 29.0 



49.4-53.2) 1.6 30.8 



50.9-54.0) 1.3 29.7 



25.6 

 22.7 

 26.7 



27.2-27.9 

 27.3-30.7; 

 27.4-33.9 

 29.3-30.0 



0.4 17.2 (16.3-18.3) 1.0 30.2 



2.4 19.7 (15.9-23.5) 5.4 29.8 



2.7 22.3 (21.1-24.2) 1.3 34.4 



0.3 23.9 (22.5-25.1) 1.2 33.8 



29.5-31.2 

 29.6-30.O 

 32.4-37.3 

 31.1-36.7 



0.9 9.3 (8.7-9.6) 0.5 



0.3 9.6 (8.9-10.2) 0.9 



2.4 9.5 (8.7-9.9) 0.5 



2.3 9.3 (8.7-10.2) 0.7 



abdominal pigment consists of 1-6 rows of melano- 

 phores aligned anteroposteriorly (Fig. 2E). The dor- 

 sal peritoneal pigment consists of 2-5 melanophores 

 in a double row over the posterior half of the gut, 

 increasing to a maximum of 17 in a 5.8 mm reared 

 larva. There are usually 3-5 melanophores surround- 

 ing the anus in newly hatched larvae and up to 12 

 in the larger larvae. There is always a distinct 

 melanophore on the lower jaw angle. 



As the larvae grow they develop melanophores on 

 the isthmus (throat), chin, pectoral insertion, ante- 

 rior gut (usually 2 melanophores slightly internal 

 from the ventral abdomen), head, and dorsal body 

 (Table 2). Reared larvae >4.0 mm possess consider- 

 ably more pigment (based on the number of melano- 

 phores) on the dorsal body and the anterior gut areas 

 than field larvae of the same size. 



The larvae undergo flexion between 5.2 mm and 

 7.6 mm (reared larvae 4.5-5.8-1- mm). Melanophores 

 (1-4) are usually present on the caudal fin anlage and 

 later at the base of the caudal fin. In flexion and 

 postflexion larvae the caudal fin base melanophores 

 are present in over 95% of the specimens. 



Postflexion larvae (8.0-9.3 mm SL) develop 

 numerous small punctate melanophores over the 

 midbrain portion of the cranium (Fig. 3A). Melano- 

 phores form between the otic capsule and the hind- 

 brain. Melanophores occur on the preopercle be- 



tween the eye and the fourth preopercular spine. 

 There are 1-3 melanophores at the pectoral inser- 

 tion, 3-6 melanophores along the pectoral base, and 

 a circle of 7-9 small melanophores dorsal to the pec- 

 toral origin. There are 4-11 small melanophores ven- 

 tral to the eye and dorsal to the maxillary bone and 

 1 melanophore at the posteroventral edge of the 

 maxillary. Several melanophores occur along the 

 edge of the mandible from the articular to the den- 

 tary bone. Four to five minute melanophores are 

 situated between the eye and premaxillary bone. 

 The ventral abdomen becomes sprinkled with 40-45 

 melanophores. 



Transition from larval to juvenile pigmentation 

 starts at about 9.2-9.5 mm SL. Transforming lar- 

 vae develop four patches of melanophores on the 

 dorsal trunk and three patches on the lateral trunk 

 (Fig. 3B). Melanophores appear on the dorsal and 

 caudal fins. In larger specimens (Fig. 3C) the head 

 and dorsolateral pigment takes on the juvenile pat- 

 tern. The dorsal and lateral trunk melanophores 

 merge forming three dorsolateral bars on the body. 

 Distinct patches of melanophores cover the hypural 



Figure 3.— Field-collected Icelinus quadriseriatus postlarvae and 

 juvenile (D): A) 9.3 mm (LACM 012-88-36-BB-Ol); B) 9.2 mm 

 (MEC 148 Stn. E Rep. #2); C) 10.5 mm (MEC 1-89, E-LS EPI); 

 D) 18.7 mm (LACM 21639). 



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