FISHERY BULLETIN; VOL. 85, NO. 4 



Figure 1. — Study area in northwestern Washington. This study focused on the four major stream 

 systems of the north coast: the Quillayute (1), Hoh (7), Queets (9), and Quinault (13) drainages. 

 Numbers identify sampHng areas ("nets" indicates that adults were taken in the Indian gill net 

 fisheries): (1) Quillayute River (nets); (2) Dickey River; (3) Soleduck River; (4) Soleduck Hatchery; (5) 

 Calawah River; (6) Bogachiel River; (7) Hoh River (nets); (8) Hoh River; (9) Queets River (nets); (10) 

 Clearwater River; (11) Upper Queets River, i.e., above the Salmon River; (12) Salmon River; (13) 

 Quinault River (nets); (141 Lower Quinault River, i.e., below Lake Quinault; (15) Quinault National 

 Fish Hatchery; (16) Quinault pens; (17) Upper Quinault River, i.e., above Lake Quinault; (18) 

 Wynoochee River; (19) Snohomish River; (20) Snow Creek; (21) Elwha Hatchery. 



wild juveniles contained unknown proportions of 

 fish from genetically distinct runs. 



MATERIALS AND METHODS 



Three "runs" of chinook salmon and two runs of 

 coho salmon occur in the study area. The runs are 

 primarily distinguished by the time of year when 

 the fish return to fresh water as adults. In gen- 

 eral, spring chinook salmon return to fresh water 

 from March to early June, summer chinook 

 salmon from late June to August, and fall chinook 

 salmon from mid-September to November. Simi- 

 larly, summer coho salmon return to fresh water 

 during August and early September, and fall coho 

 salmon return from mid-October through Novem- 

 ber. Spring chinook salmon and summer coho 

 salmon were not included in this study because 

 returns to fresh water were low and few of these 

 fish were available during our study. Adult 



salmon spawn in the autumn, and juveniles 

 emerge from the gravel during the following win- 

 ter or spring. Juvenile chinook salmon typically 

 remain in the streams for several weeks to sev- 

 eral months after emerging from the gravel, and 

 enter the ocean during the summer or autumn; 

 juvenile coho salmon remain in the streams for a 

 year and enter the ocean during the spring. 



Almost all summer coho salmon in the study 

 area spawn in the Soleduck River (Quillayute 

 River system) above Salmon Cascades (Houston 

 lOSS"^). Our samples of fall-run juvenile coho 

 salmon for the Soleduck River were taken from 

 tributaries below Salmon Cascades to reduce the 

 chance of including summer-run fish. 



In addition to the fish rearing in streams. 



^Houston, D. B. 1983. Andromous fish in Olympic Na- 

 tional Park: a status report. Unpubl. rep. U.S. National 

 Park Service, Port Angeles, WA. 



682 



