768 





DA O*' a^ D* oA '~~ 



Oi DA '; /''""--r^, D^ 



□ A OA DA. OA 



OA: 



QA 



 .♦.•; _♦/ :   



a A .::'■-; DA .-' D4' BA a a 



DA .-•■ ""bA" " dA, r DA 1»A D '^ 



Vitdria 



OA aa oA a 



>/}  



QA OA OA OA DA 



DA DA DA OA 



O A OA ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ A 



River Par^ba do Sul 



Cape SSo Tomd ... y , 



.' Da ..llA Da DA DA 



Fishery Bulletin 98(4) 



Cape „. 



Frio en 



lOOm 



I 



a A a& 



200m 



1000m 



Station Cruise 



a June 1978 



-^ Nov-Dec 1978 



 Apr-May 1995 



16°S 



17° 



18° 



19° 



20° 



21° 



-22° 



23° 



42° W 41' 



40° 



39° 



38° 



37° 



36° 



35° 



Figure 1 



Survey area, sampling stations, and bathymetry off the eastern coast of Brazil. 



leg 9), was conducted with the RV Victor Hensen in April- 

 May 1995. Fifty-eight stations were sampled between lat- 

 itudes 16°S and 22°S with a CTD cast for hydrographic 

 data and with Bongo nets for zooplankton (Fig. 1). The 

 interval between stations was 30 nautical miles. 



The zooplankton samples were collected by using 60-cm 

 Bongo nets with mesh apertures of 300 (jm and 500 pm. 

 The nets were towed obliquely from the surface to a depth 

 of 200 m or down to 5 m above the bottom at shallow sta- 

 tions as the vessel held a 45° wire angle (usually 1.5 knots 

 vessel speed). Winch retrieval rate was 20 m per minute 

 to the surface. In order to increase the water volume fil- 

 tered, the nets were towed twice down near to the bottom 

 at shallow water (<60 m) stations. The digital flowmeter 

 attached at the center of the net was used to estimate the 

 water volume that was filtered. The plankton samples col- 

 lected with a 300-pm mesh net were used for both the zoo- 

 plankton and ichthyoplankton .study. Zooplankton volume 

 at each station was measured by using the replacement 



method (JCrameret al., 1972) and expressed as mlVm-'The 

 number of fish larvae collected at each station was con- 

 verted into the number under unit surface area ( 10 m^) by 

 using the following equation: 



y, = (10xc?, x.v,)/i;, , 



where i' = number of standardized lai-vae under 10 m- of 

 sea surface at station /; 

 .X', = number of larvae taken at station ;; 

 [', = volume of water filtered (m'); and 

 c/, = maximum depth of haul (m). 



The total abundance of the lai-vae of each family was 

 the sum of a standardized number of larvae from all the 

 positive stations. The plankton samples were preserved 

 in a solution of 4% buffered formalin, and the fish eggs 

 and larvae were sorted by using a stereoscopic micro- 

 scope in the laboratory. Identifications offish lai-vae were 



