PKRKZ KAKKANTK AMKKK \\\ Sol K\( )( KK1I) SHRIMPS 



most complete illustration available. The account 

 of the petasma herein, utilizing Kubo's (1949) 

 terminology, is given in order that comparisons 

 of this species with others treated in this work 

 may readily be made. 



Economic importance. -Pleoticus robustus is the 

 only deep-water penaeoid in the western Atlantic 

 that is now commercially exploited. 



This large wide ranging shrimp has been found 

 in commercial quantities only in three areas off 

 the coast of the United States: 



1. off northeast Florida on the St. Augustine 



Grounds 



2. south to southwest of Dry Tortugas Islands 



3. southeast of the Mississippi River Delta to 



off Tampa Bay. 



The commercial potential of the species was re- 

 ported by Springer (1951b) and Springer and 

 Bullis (1952) on the basis of its abundance off 

 the Mississippi Delta. Subsequent explorations in 

 the northern and northeastern Gulf of Mexico 

 confirmed previous findings, and disclosed the 

 concentration off the Dry Tortugas (Springer and 

 Bullis 1954; Bullis 1956). Later, Bullis and Rath- 

 jen (1959) investigated the density of the popula- 

 tions off the southeast Atlantic coast of the United 

 States and indicated the high potential of the St. 

 Augustine Grounds, the exploitation of which 

 began in 1962 (Cummins and Rivers 1962). The 

 grounds in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico re- 

 mained unexploited until this decade, when fish- 

 ing was initiated. Total landings of royal red 

 shrimp in 1976 (Anonymous 1977) amounted to 

 167,000 pounds (75,751 kg), heads-off, caught 

 almost entirely off northwest Florida. 



Pleoticus muelleri (Bate 1888) 



Figures 9, 34, 37-42 



Philonicus mulleri Bate 1888:275, pi. 39, fig. 1-2 

 [syntypes: 5 6 25 9 , BMNH, off Montevideo, 

 Uruguay, 35°02'S, 55°15'W, 13 fm (24 m), 

 25 February 1876, Challenger stn 321]. Fowler 

 1912:543. 



Pleoticus mulleri. Bate 1888:939. Berg 1898:38. 

 Fesquet 1933:6, fig. 1-4, pi. 1-8; 1936:61. Barat- 

 tini and Ureta 1960:49. 



Parartemesia carinata Bouvier 1905b: 748 [syn- 

 types: 1 6 3 9 , MP 59, off mouth Rio de la Plata, 



35°42'S, 56°20'W, 44 fm (80 m), Hassler. 1 9, 

 Rio de la Plata, Montevideo, 7 fm (13 m), 

 Hassler]. 



Haliporus carinatus. Bouvier 1906b:4. 



Haliporus mulleri. Bouvier 1908:80. A. Milne 

 Edwards and Bouvier 1909:214, fig. 38-44, pi. 2, 

 fig. 9-10. Pesta 1915:102. 



Hymenopenaeus mulleri. Burkenroad 1936:103. 

 Fesquet 1941:64. Rioja 1941:200, fig. 13, 17; 

 1942:659, fig. 20, 21, 30, 31. Anderson and 

 Lindner 1945:288. Lopez 1954:46. Popovici and 

 Angelescu 1954:505. Lindner 1957:4. Ange- 

 lescu and Boschi 1960:1, fig. 4, 10-16, pi. 1, 2, 5, 

 6. Eldred and Hutton 1960:91 . Boschi and Ange- 

 lescu 1962:1, fig. 1-17, pi. 1, 2. Boschi 1963:5, 

 fig. 4. Mistakidis and Neiva 1964:471. da Silva 

 1965:4. Tremel and Mistakidis 1965:2. Mista- 

 kidis 1965:1. Neiva and Mistakidis 1966:4, fig. 

 4a, b. Mistakidis and Neiva 1966:434. Idyll 

 1969:642. Perez Farfante 1970:13, fig. 3I-K. 

 Iwai 1973:44. 



Hymenopendeus mulleri. Carcelles 1947:4, pi. 1, 

 fig. 2. 



Hymenopenaeus muelleri. Boschi 1964:38. Holt- 

 huis and Rosa 1965:1. Boschi 1966:452. Boschi 

 and Mistakidis 1966:1. Boschi and Scelzo 

 1969a:3; 1969b:152, pi. 1. Boschi 1970:65; 

 1974:3. Scelzo and Boschi 1975:193. Boschi and 

 Scelzo 1976:1. Boschi 1976:63. 



Camarao barbado. Tremel et al. 1964:8. 



Vernacular names: langostino, langostin (Uru- 

 guay, Argentina), camarao de Santana, lagos- 

 tinho da Argentina, camarao vermelho, ca- 

 marao barbado, camarao ferro (Brazil). 



Material 



BRAZIL— Espi'rito Santo: 2 9, USNM, off Praia de San- 

 tana, June 1962, G. de Souza Neiva. Rio de Janeiro: 2 9, 

 USNM, off Macae, 23 m. Superintendencia do Desenvolvimento 

 da Pesca, Segao de Pesquisas. 9 9 , USNM, Ilha dos Franceses, 

 Cabo Frio, 50 m, 17 October 1975, Staff Institute de Pesquisas da 

 Marinha, Estacao de Biologia Marinha. 4 9 , YPM, off Rio de 

 Janeiro, May 1934, M. W. Feingold. 1 9, USNM, off Ilha Grande, 

 23 m, 8 December 1961, Calypso stn 115. 3 9 , USNM, off Bai'a da 

 Ilha Grande, 36 m, 9 December 1961, Calypso stn 122. Sao 

 Paulo: 3 6, USNM, Ubatuba, 15 m, 10 April 1972, J. de Abreu. 

 1 65 9,MP,SofIlhadeSaoSebastia6,25m,llDecemberl961, 

 Calypso stn 135. 15 5 9 9, USNM, Bai'a de Santos, 6 September 

 1964, G. Vazzoler. 4 6 3 9, USNM, Bai'a de Santos, 29 Septem- 

 ber 1964, G. Vazzoler. 3 6 3 9 , USNM, Bai'a de Santos, 1 October 

 1962, G. de Souza Neiva. 3 6 5 9 , USNM, Farol de Moela, San- 

 tos, 9 September 1964, G. Vazzoler. Parana: 1 9, USNM, off 

 Paranagua, Ex. H. Jakobi. Santa Catarina: 37 6 47 9, MP, 

 off Ensenada de Tijucas, 18 m, 16 December 1961, Calypso stn 

 149. 5 9, USNM, Armacao de Piedade, 19 November 1965, 



309 



