SCHWARTZ AND PORTER: FISHES, MACROINVERTEBRATES OFF NORTH CAROLINA 



Species 



July August September October 1972 total 



~T F A ~T F A ~T F A T F A "f F A~ 1972 



~Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z - 3 _ 3 



___________ _ 3 25 3 31 



1 3__ 3__ 1 1 _ _ 1 10 24 8 42 



3 7 — 3 12 5 — 7 1 1 8 4 16 75 25 116 



__ — — — 1 — — 3_____ 4 4 



— 16 — — 19 1 — 2 5 — — 7 5 145 46 196 



— — — — — 8 — — 3 — — — — 145 46 



— — — — — — — — 1 _ — — — — 4 4 



9 2 — 6 3 1 1 1 4 — — — 40 19 12 71 



— — — — — 1 — — 1 — — 1 — — 4 4 



— — — — 1 10 — — 4 — — — 6 3 25 34 



— — — — — — — — 1 — — 1 1— 2 3 



— — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1 2 



— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1 



_ _ _ 10 3 1 3 — 5 2 — 3 33 25 19 77 



24 4 — 17 1 — 11 2 1 6 6 3 184 81 38 303 



— • — — 1 — — 5 — — 1— 3 35 4 17 56 

 ___________ 1 — — 1 1 



1_ _________ — 1_ 2 3 



1 1 — 1 4 33 — — 3 — — 1 19 15 39 73 



_ _ -,____ — — — — — — _ 1 1 



___________ 1 — — 1 1 



3 — — 12 26 2 6 14 — 3 8 — 27 56 2 85 



35 11 — — 1 1 — — — — — — 35 12 1 48 



8 4 — 10 5 — 6 1 — — — — 66 53 1 120 



34 13 — 28 32 5 7 — 1 2 — — 107 59 8 174 



_ _ i__ ________ _ 2 2 



— — 2 — — 1 — — — — — 2 — — 5 5 



— 1 — — 18 1 — 6 8 — 4 — 6 198 87 291 

 ________ -,_____ 1 1 



___ — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1 



— — — — 1 — — 1 — — — 3 1 7 4 12 



136 108 17 137 223 219 51 169 161 64 52 201 985 1,655 1,752 



261 579 381 317 4,392 4,392 



Grand total 4,461 



Peprilus alepidotus 

 P. tnacanthus 

 Scorpaena brasiliensis 

 S calcarala 

 Bellator militaris 

 Pnonotus evolans 

 P. ophryas 

 P. roseus 

 P. scitulus 

 P. salmonicolor 

 P. tribulus 



Ancylopsetta quadrocellata 

 Bothus sp. 



Citharichthys macrops 

 Cyclopsetta fimbriata 

 Etropus microslomus 

 E. rimosus 



Paralichthys albigutta 

 P. dentatus 

 P. lethostigma 

 P. squamilentus 

 Scophthalmus aquosus 

 Syacium papillosum 

 Gymnachirus melas 

 Tnnectes maculatus 

 Alutera schoepfi 

 A scnptus 

 Balistes capnscus 

 Monacanthus hispldus 

 Lactophrys quadncornis 

 Sphoeroides dorsalis 

 S. maculatus 

 S spenglen 



Chilomycterus antlllarum 

 C. schoepfi 



Subtotal 



Total 



teronotus novacula), and other Balistidae 

 (Aluterus schoepfi) were not active scallop preda- 

 tors. 



Our observations agree with Roe et al. (1971), 

 who noted that Sphoeroides is an active predator 

 of calico scallops. While Dasyatis centroura is a 

 possible predator (Struhsaker 1969) neither it, the 

 dasyatids D. americana and Gymnura micrura, 

 nor the myliobatid, Rhinoptera bonasus, fed on 

 scallops. 



MACROINVERTEBRATE 

 ASSOCIATES AND PREDATORS 



Field observations yielded 60 species of mac- 

 romolluscs, 25 crustaceans, 12 echinoderms, 4 

 coelenterates, and 1 annelid as associates of the 

 bed (Table 7). These species, their numbers, and 

 abundances varied by season throughout the bed. 

 Species found in 50 or more percent of the samples 

 which may be considered the macroinvertebrates 

 common to the beds were: Eucrassatella speciosa, 

 Arcinella cornuta, Cassis madagascariensis, 



Pleuroploca gigantea, Octopus vulgaris, Loligo 

 pealei, Calappa falmmea, Hepatus epheliticus, As- 

 tropecten articulatus, Luidia alternata, L. clath- 

 rata, Hemipholis elongata, Toxopneustes variega- 

 tus, and Encope emarginata. 



Luidia clathrata and Astropecten articulatus oc- 

 curred abundantly throughout the bed during all 

 seasons and were predators of scallops (Table 7). 

 The following were found less abundantly and 

 were suspected predators of calico scallops: As- 

 terias forbesii, Busycon carica, B. contrarium, B. 

 spiratum, Fasciolaria hunteria, F. tulipa, Loligo 

 pealei, Murex fulvescens, M.pomum, Octopus vul- 

 garis, Pleuroploca gigantea, Polinices duplicatus, 

 Strombus alatus, Arenaeus cribrarius, Calappa 

 flammea, Hepatus epheliticus, Libinia emar- 

 ginata, Ovalipes quadulpensis, and Portunus 

 spinimanus. 



The most common sea stars on the 1972 calico 

 scallop grounds were Astropecten articulatus, 

 Luidia alternata, and L. clathrata. Goniaster 

 americanus, Echinaster brasiliensis, Asterias for- 

 besi, and Gorgonocephalus arcticus were noted in 

 lesser numbers (Table 7). Identifications were 



439 



