objects are pollock, herring, cod, saffron cod, plaice, the Ammodytes , 

 sea perch, Pacific salmon (chum salmon, humpback salmon, blue-back 

 salmon, silver salmon, king salmon), Kamchatka crabs, beetle crabs, 

 etc. Herring and pollock are particularly numerous here. The total 

 catch reaches 1.6-1.8«10° t. Soviet fishermen, in recent years, have 

 achieved catches in the Sea of Okhotsk up to 1 million t, primarily of 

 pollock (450,000 t), herring (300,000 t), salmon (50,000 t), plaice and 

 crabs. Seals which cluster along the southeast coast of Sakhalin and 

 Tyuleniy Islands are hunted. In recent years, there has been a 

 significant decrease in the population of Okhotsk Sea herring (Okhotsk- 

 Ayansk, Gizhiginsk, Eastern Sakhalin), due to natural factors, greatly 

 intensified by the effects of heavy fishing. Since the 1960's, a 

 significant reduction in the reserve of Pacific salmon has occurred, 

 primarily due to large-scale fishing by Japan. 



The current fish productivity of the Sea of Okhotsk is as great as 

 1,300-1,400 kg/km^. Further significant intensification of fishing is 

 impossible, and the results of fishing can be high only in years when 

 the population of herring, pollock and salmon is large, and also as a 

 result of more complete utilization of the raw-material resources of 

 cod, Ammodytes , saffron cod, cape! in, mackerel, etc. 



The Bering Sea. The commercial ichthyofauna consists of cod, 

 pollock, Arctic cod, herring (Korf-Karaginskiy and Eastern Bering Sea 

 stocks), plaice, halibut, sea perch, mackerel. Pacific salmon, capelin, 

 macruri, and coalfish. Kamchatka crabs are found in large numbers, as 

 well as beetle crabs (particularly in the eastern portion of the sea and 

 in Olyutorskiy Bay) and shrimp. Seals nest along the Pribyl and 

 Komandorskiy Islands, as well as on ice floes. Within the Bering Sea, 

 fishing is conducted by the USSR, Japan, and the USA each year taking 

 over 3 million tons, primarily of pollock (2.2'10° t), salmon (50«10'^ 

 t), herring (130-lo3 t), plaice (120 -lO^ t), sea perch (lOO-lO^ t) , 

 crabs and shrimp. The Soviet Union accounts for 500-700*10^ t. 



The biological resources of the Bering Sea are quite intensively 

 utilized by fishermen, and most species (plaice, sea perch, salmon, 

 Kamchatka crabs) are under stress. The volume of fish production on the 

 shelf is over 1,500 kg/km^, in the pelagic zone--500 kg/km^, i.e., it 

 reaches the levels found in the most productive regions of the World 

 Ocean. A further slight increase in the catch is possible by 

 utilization of the resources of Arctic cod, capelin, mackerel, cod and 

 pollock. 



In the relatively warm-water regions of the Northeast Pacific 

 Ocean, from the Gulf of Alaska to California, we find sea perch, 

 pollock, cod, herring, sauries, plaice, halibut. Pacific hake and 

 salmon. Fishing here is primarily concerned with salmon, herring, sea 

 perch, plaice, halibut, hake, crabs and shrimp. The total catch reaches 

 600-700 'lO-^ t, Soviet fishermen, primarily fishing for hake, sea perch, 

 coalfish, plaice, etc., bringing in about 250«102 t. Further 

 development of fishing must be achieved here by intensification of 

 fishing for hake and squid, organization of fishing for sauries, etc., 

 with simultaneous limitations of the scale of fishing for sea perch, 



390 



