Phytopl.inkton 

 r - 4/:o 



TS^ 



Sediacnc^clon Co 

 Bottoia 



Fig. 22. Diagram of flows of energy (cal/m^ per day) in pelagic community 

 of central portion of Sea of Japan in the summer. Symbols same as in Fig. 

 12. 



included in the production process by bacterioplankton and Protozoa. In 

 the oligotrophic tropic waters and even relatively productive waters of the 

 equatorial divergence, the primary production is insufficient to cover the 

 energy cost of the heterotrophic portion of the community. This cost is 

 covered by including into the metabolism, via the bacterial activity, the 

 reserves of dissolved and suspended organic matter carried in by currents 

 from the upwel lings and subpolar convergences, where an excess of organic 

 material is created, which is not processed by the local heterotrophic 

 community. In the oligotrophic waters, 80-90% of the flow of energy and 

 metabolism of the heterotrophic portion of the community is accounted for 

 by bacteria and Protozoa, only 10-20%--by the remaining micro- and 

 mesozooplankton. The same conclusion is reached as a result of direct 

 measurements of the relationship of intensity of respiration of meso- and 

 microplankton in tropical waters of the Atlantic (Pomeroy, Johannes, 1968). 



To calculate the energetics of an ecosystem, the metabolism of which 

 include external organic matter carried in from other regions of the ocean, 

 it is very important to determine the size of this external "input". This 

 can be done by comparing the actual production of bacteria with that which 

 can be created by using the "internal" primary production (Sorokin, 

 1973d). The total energy input of the ecosystem (PP) consists of the 

 energy of the "internal" primary production (?„) and the energy of the 

 external organic matter included in the production process through the 

 bacterial link. The value of PP can be calculated if we know the primary 



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