joint ventures are involved in processing and 

 mariculture. 



Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK): 



There is a private fislieries agreement between the 

 DPRK and Japan which was concluded in September 

 1977. Under this framework, Japanese vessels are 

 allowed to fisii in DPRK waters. Japan received an 

 allocation of 4,950 t in 1992, for a fee of $810,000. 

 The allocation was divided into a squid jigging quota 

 (4,500 t for a fee of $155 per ton) and a 

 gillnet/Iongline quota (450 t for a fee of $250 per ton). 

 Tlie catch allocations increased 30 percent over 1991. 

 but the fees remained unchanged. The fees will be 

 used to finance the construction of a DPRK kelp 

 processing plant.-' 



Republic of Korea: Japan and the ROK have not 

 implemented 200-mile EEZs vis-a-vis each other. 

 Bilateral fishery relations are conducted under the 

 Japan-ROK Fisheries Agreement which was signed in 

 December 1965. Throughout the course of this 

 agreement, the primary bone of contention has been 

 illegal ROK fishing in Japanese waters. ROK trawlers 

 (many displaced from the donut hole fishery) have 

 allegedly fished illegally off Hokkaido and western 

 Honshu, prompting calls within the Japanese fishing 

 industry for the declaration of a 200-mile EEZ with 

 respect to the ROK. 



Japanese companies have a great many investments 

 in ROK fimis (appendix SS), with the majority 

 involved in eel and laminaria (nori) mariculture. Other 

 joint ventures tend to be in fisheries processing. 



C. South/Southeast Asia 



Burma: The Japanese company Tokai Denbu 

 announced plans to establish a surimi processing plant 

 in Bunna during 1991."' No further details are 

 available. 



India: Tokyo Suisan Company has established a 

 surimi joint venture company in India with the Orient 

 Highseas Fisheries Company of Hyderabad. This 

 company operates a used Japane.se stem trawler, the 

 Orient Angel, refitted with surimi, fish meal, and fish 

 fillet processing facilities. The vessel recently 

 completed an exploratory fishing voyage and exported 

 60 t of surimi, 200 t of fisluneal, and 60 t of filleted 



fish to Japan." The species being used are indigenous 

 low-value species such as threadfin bream and hairtail. 



The Japanese tuna industry has also secured access 

 to the Indian tuna resource through the fonnation of a 

 joint venture company. Tlie joint venture was fomied 

 between Hoko Fisheries and the Bay Liners Ltd. 

 company of Hyderabad, India. Tlie company 

 purchased one new Japanese 49-meter longliner and is 

 reportedly engaged in exploratory fishing.'^ 



Indonesia: There have been no direct Japanese 

 fishery operations in Indonesia since 1984. Tlie 

 Japanese Government has sounded out Indonesian 

 Government willingness to permit direct Japanese 

 access to Indonesian waters, but Indonesia has thus far 

 shown no willingness to grant access. It should be 

 noted, however, that 27 Japanese tuna vessels, and 10 

 Japanese squid jiggers have been granted permission to 

 operate in Indonesian waters during 1993 under charter 

 to Indonesian companies." 



Japanese companies are involved in a great number 

 of joint ventures in Indonesia (22 as of 1990), most of 

 which are engaged in pearl culture and shrimp trawling 

 (appendix TT). Other ventures are involved in 

 processing and refrigeranon. In 1993, a joint venture 

 tuna canning company, Aneka Tuna Indonesia, was 

 fonned with financing by Itocliu (47 percent). Placid 

 (30 percent), Hagoromo Foods (13 percent), and the 

 Japan International Cooperation Organization (10 

 percent). Tuna canned at the facility will be exported 

 to the Middle East and Europe.^ 



Malaysia: The Sugiyo Company of Japan 

 established a surimi processing joint venture firm, 

 Sugiyo-Malaysia, with the Tekuskem Company of 

 Malaysia in 1991. This was the third Japanese surimi 

 plant in southeast Asia, following the Nissui plant in 

 Thailand and the Kibun plant in Singapore.''' 



Philippines: Japan has not had access to Philippine 

 fisheries since the Philippine EEZ was declared in 

 1979. Japan has sought talks to consider the access 

 question, but no progress has been made. Japanese 

 companies had investments in 6 Philippine fishery 

 concerns as of 1990 (appendix UU). 



Thailand: The first Japanese surimi joint venture 

 in southeast Asia was formed in 1972 when Kibun 

 established the BauL'kok Frozen Food Co.. Ltd. 



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