Brazil: Three Japanese jiggers are reportedly 

 conducting exploratory fishing off tlie coast of Brazil. 

 No further details are available." 



Chile: Surimi processing joint ventures in Latin 

 America have taken place largely in Chile and 

 Argentina. The primary species used are groundfish 

 such as jack mackerel and hake. In addition to its 

 operations in Southeast Asia, Tokai Denbu amiounced 

 plans to set up surimi production in Chile in 1991." 

 Mitsui Corporation established a surimi joint venture 

 company with the E.L. Golfo Company of Chile and 

 hoped to produce 5,000 t of surimi per year for export 

 to Japan.*'"' The giant Japanese fishery companies, 

 Kyokuyo and Nissui, began joint venture surimi 

 trawling operations in 1991.*^ Another of Japan's 

 major fishery companies, Nichiro, has established a 

 surimi joint venture in Chile with the Alimentos 

 Marinos Company. Tliis joint venture hopes to 

 produce 4,000 t of jack mackerel surimi annually for 

 the Japanese market." Taiyo and Nissui have also 

 invested in Chilean trawling operations, and New 

 Nippo has invested in Chilean longlining operations 

 (appendix XX). 



Falkland Islands: Japanese companies have 

 deployed both squid jiggers and trawlers off the 

 Falklands. Fishing effort was negligible in this region 

 until the mid-1980s. Several Japanese companies and 

 associations have deployed vessels, often under nominal 

 charter to British-Falklands joint ventures. In 1993, 

 Japanese companies sharply reduced their effort off the 

 Falklands and unconfirmed reports suggest Japanese 

 companies opted to deploy 32 vessels off Argentina 

 under the terms of new Argentine chartering 

 regulations.''"* 



Japanese jiggers started catching squid off the 

 Falkland Islands in 1985. Thanks to ample squid 

 stocks and a lack of fishing restrictioiLS, effort grew 

 dramatically to a peak of 110 vessels catching nearly 

 200,000 t in 1987/88. Oversupply on the Japanese 

 market and subsequent industry policy to reduce catch 

 resulted in lower effort in succeeding years, but 82 

 vessels .sfill caught 110,000 t in 1990/91. The large- 

 scale reduction in deployment noted above is confimied 

 by a report that a total of 33 Japanese jiggers caught 

 28.000 t of squid in the Falkland Islands FEZ in the 

 1992/93 season, a big decrease from the 76,000 t 

 caught in this fishery during 1991/92."" 



Mexico: The Japan Large Squid-Jigging Vessel 

 Association has been conducting exploratory jigging 

 operations off the coast of Mexico. The Association 

 reportedly sent 6 vessels to the area in 1992.™ 



Peru: During the past few years, an increasing 

 amount of interest has been shown in the potential for 

 a jigging fishery within the Peru EEZ. A total of 30 

 Japanese squid jigging vessels have secured access to 

 67,234 t of squid in Peruvian waters in 1993 for a fee 

 of $160 per ton. Although the 1993 access fee is one- 

 tliird higher than the 1992 fee, Japanese industry 

 sources are optimistic that jigging operations will be 

 profitable because of the recent appreciation of the yen 

 and increased demand for Peruvian squid by Japanese 

 squid processors.^' The latest Japanese press reports 

 indicate that there are 22 Japanese jiggers deployed in 

 Peruvian waters which have caught 9,000 t during the 

 still-continuing 1992/93 season. Japanese catch in Peru 

 has increased dramatically and reached 41,600 t in 

 1991/92." 



Suriname: Japanese shrimp trawling in Suriname is 

 conducted via the joint venture company, Suriname 

 Japan Fisheries Ltd. (SUJAFI) (appendix XX). 

 SUJAFl operates a total of 54 foreign-owned vessels: 

 45 Japanese, and 9 ROK vessels. Most of the shrimp 

 is exported to Japan, with some exported to France. 

 The total nimiber of Japanese trawlers licensed to fish 

 in Suriname waters has remained fairly constant, 

 ranging from 36 trawlers in 1987 to 34 trawlers in 

 1992. The total 1991 catch by Japanese shrimp 

 trawlers in Suriname is estimated at 1,000 tons." 



H. North America 



Canada: Japan receives allocations only in the 

 Atlantic waters of Canada. There have been no 

 Japanese allocations in Canadian waters of the Pacific 

 Ocean since 1983. Japanese southern trawlers have 

 fished extensively off Atlantic Canada. The primary 

 target species was formerly squid, but recent poor 

 catches have resulted in a shift of effort to Greenland 

 halibut and redfish. Japan's catch allocations in 

 Canadian waters have decreased gradually over the 

 years, ft-om 40,000 t in 1987 to 34,000 t in 1991 

 (appendix K). 



There are only 2 Japanese fisheries-related 

 investments in Canada: North Sea Products Ltd. and 

 Tohto Suisan (B.C.) Ltd. The fonner has invesmient 



43 



