MARGULIES: EFFECTS OF FOOD AND TEMPERATURE ON WHITE PERCH 



stages. A study of larval growth patterns in Chesa- 

 peake tributaries would be useful to understand 

 early survivorship and establishment of year-class 

 strength in white perch. Field estimates of growth 

 rates of white perch larvae could be compared with 

 indices of juvenile abundance that are now obtained 

 in Chesapeake tributaries by the Maryland Depart- 

 ment of Natural Resources. Results of the current 

 study indicate that even short-term variations in 

 food and temperature can result in significant 

 changes in survival and growth of white perch eggs 

 and larvae. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



I thank F. D. Martin, E. M. Setzler-Hamilton, and 

 M. Beaven for providing adult white perch from 

 Chesapeake tributaries. E. D. Houde provided many 

 helpful suggestions concerning the study and re- 

 viewed an earlier version of the manuscript. F. 

 Younger and R. Allen prepared the figures. R. Jope 

 typed the manuscript. Financial support was pro- 

 vided by the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory and 

 the Center for Environmental and Estuarine 

 Studies, University of Maryland. Portions of this 

 manuscript were taken from a thesis submitted to 

 the Graduate School of the University of Maryland 

 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the 

 Ph.D degree. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Blaxter, J. H. S. 



1969. Development: Eggs and larvae. In W. S. Hoar and 

 D. J. Randall (editors), Fish physiology, Vol. Ill, p. 177-252. 

 Acad. Press, N.Y. 

 Blaxter, J. H. S., and M. E. Staines. 



1971. Food searching potential in marine fish larvae. In 

 D. J. Crisp (editor). Fourth European Marine Biology Sym- 

 posium, p. 467-485. Cambridge Univ. Press. 

 Buckley, L. J., S. I. Turner, T. A. Halavik, A. S. Smigielski, 

 S. M. Drew, and G. C. Laurence. 

 1984. Effects of temperature and food availability on growth, 

 survival, and RNA-DNA ratio of larval sand lance (Ammo- 

 dytes americanus). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 15:91-97. 

 Chesney, E. J.. Jr. 



1986. Multiple environmental factors as determinants of sur- 

 vival and growth in larval striped bass, Morone scaatilis. 

 Int. Counc. Explor. Sea C. M. 1986/M:26. 

 Gushing, D. H. 



1976. Biology of fishes in the pelagic community. In D. H. 

 Gushing and J. H. Walsh (editors). The ecology of the seas, 

 p. 317-340. W.B. Saunders Co., PhUadelphia, PA. 

 Ellertsen, B., E. Moksness, P. Solemdal, S. Tilseth, T. 

 Westgard, and V. Oiestad. 

 1981 . Growth and survival of cod larvae in an enclosure. Ex- 

 periments and a mathematical model. Rapp. P. -v. Rfun. 

 Cons. int. Explor. Mer 178:45-57. 



Hardy, J. D.. Jr. 



1978. Development of fishes of the mid- Atlantic Bight, an 

 atlas of egg, larval and juvenile stages. Vol. Ill, Aphredo- 

 deridae through Rachycentridae. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., 

 FWS/OBS-78/12, 394 p. Ann Arbor, MI. 

 Heinle, D. R., and D. A. Flemer. 



1975. Carbon requirements of a population of the estuarine 

 copepod Eurytemora affinis. Mar. Biol. (Berl.) 31:235-247. 

 Houde, E. D. 



1978. Critical food concentrations for larvae of three species 

 of subtropical marine fishes. Bull. Mar. Sci. 28:395-411. 

 1987. Fish early life dynamics and recruitment variability. 

 Am. Fish. Soc, Symp. 2:17-29. 

 Houde, E. D., and L. Lubbers III. 



1986. Survival and growth of striped bass, Morone saxatilis, 

 and Morone larvae: laboratory and pond enclosure experi- 

 ments. Fish. Bull.. U.S. 84:904-914. 

 Houde, E. D., and R. C. Schekter. 



1981. Growth rates, rations and cohort consumption of 

 marine fish larvae in relation to prey concentration. Rapp. 

 P.-v. R^un Cons. int. Explor. Mer 178:441-453. 



KlORBOE. T.. .\ND P. MUNK. 



1986. Feeding and growth of larval herring, Clupea harengus, 



in relation to density of copepod nauplii. Environ. Biol. 



Fishes 17:133-139. 

 Laurence, G. G. 



1982. Nutrition and trophodynamics of larval fish - review, 

 concepts, strategic recommendations and opinions. In B. J. 

 Rothschild and C. Rooth (convenors), Fish ecology III. A 

 foundation for REX, a recruitment experiment. Univ. 

 Miami Tech. Rep. No. 82008. 



LippsoN, A. J., M. S. Haire. A. F. Holland, F. Jacobs, J. 

 Jensen, R. L. Moran-Johnson, T. T. Polgar, and W. A. 



RiCHKUS. 



1980. Environmental atlas of the Potomac estuary. En- 

 viron. Cent., Martin Marietta Corp.. Baltimore, 135 p. 



Mansueti, R. J. 



1961. Movements, reproduction, and mortality of the white 

 perch, Rooms anteruanus, in the Patuxent estuary, Mary- 

 land. Chesapeake Sci. 2:142-204. 

 1964. Eggs, larvae and young of the white perch, Roceus 

 americanus, with comments on its ecology in the estuary. 

 Chesapeake Sci. 5:3-45. 

 Margulies, D. 



1986. Effects of food concentration and temperature on 

 development, growth, survival, and susceptibility to preda- 

 tion of larval white perch {Morone americana). Ph.D. 

 Thesis. Univ. Maryland, College Park, 168 p. 

 Martin, F. D., and E. M. Setzler-Hamilton. 



1981. Assessment of larval striped bass stocks in the Potomac 

 estuary for 1980. Annual report to the U.S. National 

 Marine Fisheries Service. UMCEES Ref. No. 81-65-CBL, 

 Chesapeake Biol. Lab., Solomons, MD. 



1983. Assessment of larval striped bass stocks in the Potomac 

 estuary for years 1980, 1981 , and 1982. Final report to the 

 U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service. UMCEES Ref. No. 

 83-55-CBL. Chesapeake Biol. Lab., Solomons, MD. 



McMULLEN, D. M., AND D. P. MiDDAUGH. 



1985. The effect of temperature and food density on survival 

 and growth of Menidia peninsulae larvae (Pisces; Atheri- 

 nidae). Estuaries 8:39-47. 

 Morgan, R. P., II. 



1975. Distinguishing larval white perch and striped bass by 

 electrophoresis. Chesapeake Sci. 16:68-70. 

 Morgan, R. P., II, and V. Rasin, Jr. 



1982. Influence of temperature and salinity on development 



71 



