Dailey and Vogelbein: Parasite fauna as stock indicators of Antarctic whales 



361 



Figure 3 



Helminth faunal diversity in 35 sperm whales from IWC sec- 

 tor VIII. Circles indicate site of capture; circle size indicates 

 relative number examined. A = Phyllobothrium delphini, 

 Anisakis physeteris, Bolbosoma physeteris. B = Tetrabo- 

 thrius curilensis, T. affinis, Corynosoma bullosum. C = 

 Diphyllobothrium sp., Monorygma grimaldii, Placentonema 

 gigantissima, Priapocephalus grandis. 



Four parasite species were found in 106 hosts captured 

 in three whaling sectors (Table 3). The parasites in- 

 cluded two helminths, Tetrabothrius sp. and Anisakis 

 sp., and two parasitic crustaceans, Pennella balaenop- 

 terae and Cyamus balaenopterae Barnard, 1932. The 

 ectoparasites are listed but not included in the analysis. 

 A single female worm comprised the only Anisakis sp. 

 infection. Since specific determination of adult anisa- 

 kids requires examination of male specimens, this 

 nematode was only identified to generic level. 



Physeter catodon 



Ten helminth species were recorded from 35 sperm 

 whales (23 male, 12 female) captured in commercial sec- 

 tor VIII (Table 4). The larval cestode Phyllobothrium 

 delphini (Bosc, 1802) and the nematode Anisakis 

 physeteris Baylis, 1923 infected all sperm whale 

 samples. The acanthocephalan Bolbosoma physeteris 

 Gubanov, 1952, although infecting only 34.2% of the 

 hosts, was found throughout the study area. Prevalence 

 and intensity of infections for the remaining helminths 

 were low and geographical distributions were 

 restricted. 



Figure 3 illustrates a latitudinal disparity in the 

 helminth fauna of sperm whales from sector VIII. 

 Group A represents three helminths (P. delphini, 

 A. physeteris, B. physeteris) common in sperm whales 

 throughout the study area. Group B comprises three 

 helminths (Tetrabothrius curilensis (Gubanov, 1952), 

 T. affinis, and Corynosoma bullosum (Linstow, 1892)) 



South 

 [ America 



Figure 4 



Distribution of acanthocephalans of the genus Corynosoma 

 in Antarctic sperm whales. A = C. mirabilis; B = C. bullo- 

 sum; C = C. singularis. 



