2 BULLETIX OF THE BUREAU OP FISHERIES 



True fishes — Continued. 



Sharks and rays — Continued. 



Sharks — Continued. Page 



The nurse sharks. Family Scymnorhinidae 53 



Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus Bloch and Schneider) 53 



The bramble sharks. Family Echinorhinidae 55 



Bramble shark (Echinorhinus brucus Bonnaterre) 55 



Skates and rays 56 



The skates. Family Rajidae 58 



Little skate (Raja erinacea Mitchill) 58 



Big skate (Raja diaphanes Mitchill) 60 



Prickly skate (Raja scabrata Garman) 62 



Brier skate (Raja eglanteria Bosc) 64 



Smooth skate (Raja senla Garman) 65 



Barn-door skate (Raja stabuliforis Garman) 66 



The torpedoes. Family Narcaciontidae 68 



Torpedo (Narcacion nobilianus Bonaparte) 68 



The sting rays. Families Dasy batidae and Myliobatidae 70 



Sting ray (Dasybalus marinus Klein) 70 



Sting ray (Dasybatus haslalus DeKay) 70 



Cow-nosed ray (Rhinoptera quadriloba LeSueur) 72 



Chimaeroids. Subclass Holocephali 73 



The chimaeras. Family Chimaeridae 73 



Chimaera (Chimsera affinis Capello) 73 



The bony fishes. Subclass Teleostomi 74 



The sturgeons. Family Acipenseridae 74 



Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio Linnaeus) 74 



The eels. Families Anguillidae, Synaphobranchidae, Leptocephalidae, 



Simenchelyidas, and Nemichthyidae 77 



Eel (Anguilla roslrala LeSueur) 78 



Slime eel (Simenchelys parasiticus Gill) 83 



Long-nosed eel (Synaphobranchvs pinnatus Gronow) 84 



Conger (Leplocephalus conger Linnaeus) 86 



Snipe eel (Nemichthys scolopaceus Richardson) 88 



The tarpons and herrings. Families Elopidae and Clupeidae 90 



Tarpon (Tarpon atlaniicus Cuvier and Valenciennes) 91 



Round herring (Etrumeus teres DeKay) 91 



Herring (Clupea harengus Linnaeus) 92 



Hickory shad (Pomolobus mediocris Mitchill) 105 



Alewife (Pomolobus pseudoharengus Wilson) 107 



Blueback (Pomolobus aestivalis Mitchill) 110 



Shad (Alosa sapidissima Wilson) 113 



Menhaden (Brevoortia lyrannus Latrobe) 118 



The anchovies. Family Engraulididae 124 



Anchovy (Anchovia milchilli Cuvier and Valenciennes) 124 



The salmons. Family Salmonidae 126 



Humpback salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Walbaum) 126 



Salmon (Sahno salar Linnaeus) 130 



Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill) 138 



The smelts. Family Argentinidce 140 



Capelin (Mallotus villosus Miiller) 140 



Smelt (Osmerus mordax Mitchill) 143 



Argentine (Argentina silus Ascanius) 147 



