PIETSCH and VAN DUZER: SYSTEMATICS AND DISTRIBUTION OF ANGLERFISHES 



movement of the darkly pigmented, inner wall of 

 the photophore of the esca. The glowing bulb was 

 almost entirely covered and uncovered four or five 

 times within a period of at least 1 min (B. G. 

 Nafpaktitis^; see Pietsch 1972b). A mechanism of 

 this kind would provide a rapid means of extin- 

 guishing light that may not only attract potential 

 mates and prey, but also predators. 



Melanocetiis murrayi Gunther 1887 



Figures 2, 4, 5, 7-15, 



16 A, 19, 20, 29-31 



Females 



Melanocetus murrayi Gunther 1887:57, pi. 11, fig. 

 A (original description, two specimens, lec- 

 totype BMNH 1887.12.7.17, 71 mm. Challenger 

 stn. 106, central Atlantic, 1°47' N, 24=26' W, 

 0-3,386 m); Regan 1926:32 (description, addi- 

 tional material, in key); Parr 1927:27 (descrip- 

 tion, additional material); Regan and Trewavas 

 1932:27, 49-50, fig. 22C, 23, 71 (description, ad- 

 ditional material; pectoral radials, pelvic bone, 

 escae figured; in key); Beebe 1932:99-102, fig. 

 29, 30 (description of postlarvae); Parr 1934:7 

 (listed); Fowler 1936:1143, 1144-1145, 1346, 

 1363, fig. 483 (after Gunther 1887; Regan 1926; 

 in key); Koefoed 1944:3, 5 (description, compari- 

 son, additional material); Fowler 1949:158 

 (listed); Bertelsen 1951:40-48, fig. 16, tables 4, 5 

 (description of females, males, larvae, compari- 

 son with all known material, in key); Grey 

 1955:299 (additional material, color); Grey 

 1956:234 (synonymy; distribution); Monod 

 1960:687, fig. 80 (pectoral radials); Pietsch 

 1972a:34, 38 (osteological comments); Maul 

 1973:667 (synonymy, after Bertelsen 1951). 



Melanocetus bispinosus Gunther 1880:473 (name 

 only); Goode and Bean 1896:495 (in synonymy). 



Melanocetus (Liocetus) murrayi Gunther 1887:56 

 (original description, a distinct subgenus). 



Liocetus murrayi, Goode and Bean 1896:495, fig. 

 407 (new combination, after Gunther 1887); Gill 

 1909:583, 584, fig. 22 (after Gunther 1887; 

 Goode and Bean 1896). 



Melanocetus vorax Brauer 1902:294 (original de- 

 scription, single specimen, holotype ZMHU 

 17710, 85 mm, Valdiuia stn. 63, Gulf of Guinea, 



'B. G. Nafpaktitis, Professor, Department of Biological Sci- 

 ences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 

 90007, pers. commun. November 1967. 



2°00' N, 8°04' W, 0-2,492 m); Brauer 1906:320- 

 321, pi. 15, fig. 4 (description after Brauer 1902). 

 Fowler 1936:1143, 1144 (description after 

 Brauer 1902, 1906; in key). 



Melanocetus johnsoni, Brauer 1906:319 (misiden- 

 tification); Regan 1926:33 (in part, misiden- 

 tification); Murray and Hjort 1912:609, 614, 

 618, fig. 469 (misidentification); Fowler 1936, 

 fig. 482 (figure after Brauer 1906). 



Melanocetus krechi, Murray and Hjort 1912:614, 

 618 (in part, misidentification). 



Melanocetus tumidus Parr 1927:28-29, fig. 10 

 (original description, single juvenile, holotype 

 BOC 2022, 15 mm,Pawnee Third Oceanograph- 

 ic Expedition stn. 11, western North Atlantic, 

 23°58' N, 77°26' W, 2,135 m wire, 2 March 

 1927); Regan and Trewavas 1932:49 (men- 

 tioned); Grey 1956:239 (synonymy, distribution, 

 a young female M. murrayi). 



Melanocetus niger, Parr 1927:29 (misidentifica- 

 tion); Beebe 1929:18 (misidentification). 



Males 



Rhynchoceratias acanthirostris Parr 1927:31, fig. 



11 (original description, single specimen, 

 holotype BOC 2011, 20 mm, Pawnee Third 

 Oceanographic Expedition stn. 22, western 

 North Atlantic, 23°37' N, 77°15' W, 2,135 m 

 wire, 12 March 1927); Parr 1930b: 130, 134 

 (anatomy, life history). 



Rhynchoceratias latirhinus Parr 1927:32, 33, fig. 



12 (original description, single specimen, 

 holotype BOC 2012, 15 mm, Pawnee Third 

 Oceanographic Expedition stn. 33, western 

 North Atlantic, 24^11' N, 75°37' W, 2,440 m 

 wire, 22 March 1927). 



Rhynchoceratias longipinnis Parr 1930a:7, fig. 2-5 

 (original description, single specimen, holotype 

 BOC 2592, 16 mm. Pawnee Third Oceano- 

 graphic Expedition stn. 59, Bermuda, 32=19' N, 

 64=32' W, 2,440 m wire, 21 April 1927, osteol- 

 ogy); Parr 1930b: 129, fig. 1-3, 6, 7 (anatomy, life 

 history). 



Xenoceratias acanthirostris , Regan and Trewavas 

 1932:54, 55 (new combination; description after 

 Parr 1927, in key). 



Xenoceratias longipinnis, Regan and Trewavas 

 1932:54, 56 (new combination; description after 

 Parr 1927, in key). 



Xenoceratias latirhinus, Regan and Trewavas 

 1932:54, 57 (new combination; description after 

 Parr 1927, in key). 



81 



