FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 78, NO. 3 



Genital segment longer than broad. Abdomen 

 2-segmented. Caudal rami each with one very 

 long and five short setae. First antenna extending 

 beyond margin of cephalothorax, segments with 

 numerous long, slender setae. Maxilliped second 

 segment with numerous teethlike spines and 

 large triangular process, last segment clawlike 

 with very fine teeth at tip only. Legs 1-4 biramous, 

 rami 3-segmented except endopod of leg 4 

 2-segmented. Leg 1 endopod flattened. Second en- 

 dopod segment of legs 2 and 3 each with two inner 

 setae. 



Type-species. — Pumiliopsis sardinellae (Bennet 

 1964). 



Remarks. — Pillai (1967) included in his generic 

 diagnosis "rostrum triangular, longer than broad." 

 While this is a prominent feature of the type- 

 species, P. sardinellae, the shape of the rostrum of 

 P. plautus is quite different. In other respects, 

 however, P. plautus agrees with Pillai's descrip- 

 tion of Pumiliopsis. Furthermore, Pseudor- 

 bitacolax fimbriatus new species has a rostrum 

 similar in shape to Pumiliopsis sardinellae; on the 

 basis of several other characters, however, the two 

 cannot be considered members of the same genus. 

 We therefore consider the shape and relative size 

 of the rostrum to be specific rather than generic 

 characters. 



Pumiliopsis sardinellae 

 (Bennet 1964) (Figures 36-42) 



Syn: Pumiliopsis emarginatus Cressey and 

 Boyle 1973:4 



Bennet originally described this copepod from 

 the eye of Sardinella albella from Mandapam, 

 South India. In 1973 we reported it from S. per- 

 forata (= S. bulan) from the Philippines. Since 

 then we have collected the following: 12 9 from S. 

 albella (BM 1962.3.26:96-98, BM 1963.5.6:6-7, BM 

 1966.11.16:28-33, BM 1966.11.16:52-54) from 

 Mombasa, Aden, and Zanzibar; 17 9 1 d from S. 

 bulan (BM 68.6.9:6, BM 1966.11.16:56-70, MCZ 

 17632, MCZ 30372, MCZ 30811, MCZ 32182) from 

 Sarawak, Nosy Be, Batavia, Penang, Java, and the 

 Philippine Islands; 24 9 2 d from S. fimbriata (BM 

 84.5.15:27-28, BM 1965.7.5:11-13, BM 1965.7.5:15- 

 16, BM 1966.1.28:20, BM 1966.2.28:10-11, BM 

 1966.11.20:2, BM 1970.4.24:1-20) from Sri Lanka, 

 Thailand, Hong Kong, and Formosa; 4 9 from S. 



jussieui (BM 1973.4.5:8-9) from Thailand. All ad- 

 ditional collections were from the eye of the host. 



Since our description of P. emarginatus in 1973 

 we collected additional material from S. albella, 

 Bonnet's type host for P. sardinellae . This, along 

 with the minor differences noted between the two 

 copepods (segmentation of abdomen, setation of 

 leg 3 endopod of female, segmentation of legs 1-4 of 

 male) have led us to conclude that P. emarginatus 

 is synonymous with P. sardinellae. The differ- 

 ences noted could be due to the age or condition of 

 the specimens examined. 



Scanning electron micrographs of the female of 

 this species reveals features not easily seen with 

 the light microscope. The rostrum (Figure 36) has 

 a ventral groove with a cluster of pores near each 

 outer basal margin. The cephalic "horns" (Figures 

 37-39) appear to be grooved ventrally. Figures 40 

 and 42 show the nature of the scales on the labrum 

 and leg 1. 



Pumiliopsis plautus Cressey and 

 Boyle 1973 (Figures 43-46) 



Syn: Pumiliopsis spathepedes Bennet 1975:156. 



Originally described from Sardinella sirm and 

 S. leiogaster {= S. sirm) from the Philippines. 

 Bennet (1975) reported collecting 50 females from 

 the eyes of S. sirm from Tuticorin, India. We col- 

 lected an additional 6 9 from the same host (BM 

 1962.3.26:119-122, BM 1963.5.6:5, BM 1964.12.14: 

 180-185) from Zanzibar and Aden. 



Bonnet's (1975) description of P. spathepedes is 

 essentially in agreement with that of P. plautus 

 (1973) with the following differences. Bennet did 

 not observe a paragnath; however, one is present. 

 He also failed to observe the tooth on the inner 

 margin of the maxilliped hook ( this process may be 

 difficult to detect with the specimen lying flat). 

 The rami of leg 1 are both 2-segmented rather than 

 3 as stated by Bennet, and he apparently mistook 

 the coxopod with its seta for the first endopod seg- 

 ment; the terminal exopod segment has three 

 spines and six setae rather than one spine and six 

 setae. The basipods and exopods of legs 2-4 are all 

 similar: the basipods each have one dorsal seta and 

 two ventral patches of spinules; the second seg- 

 ment of the exopods each have three stout outer 

 spines, one apical barbed spine, and two terminal 

 setae. The second endopod segment of leg 2 has two 

 small outer spinules and five terminal to inner 

 setae rather than the armature reported by Ben- 



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