FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 82, NO. 4 



in the lower jaw (Tables 3, 4). Two species of 

 Scomberomorus stand out from the rest, S. multi- 

 radiatus with the fewest teeth (5-10, x 8.0 on the 

 upper jaw; 5-11, x 7.8 on the lower jaw) and S. 

 concolor with the most teeth (13-37, x 22.2 on the 

 upper jaw; 12-34, x 19.7 on the lower jaw). The 18 

 species can be ranked from lowest to highest 

 as follows (mean for upper jaw followed by mean 

 for lower jaw): 1) multiradiatus (8.0, 7.8); 2) 

 queenslandicus (13.3, 10.6); 3) semifasciatus 

 (12.8, 11.2); 4) cavalla (14.0, 10.9); 5) koreanus 

 (13.7, 11.2); 6) commerson (14.1, 11.3); 7) sinensis 

 (13.4, 12.2); 8) brasiliensis (14.0, 11.9); 9) lineo- 

 latus (15.1, 12.9); 10) guttatus (16.9, 14.4); 11) 

 sierra (17.3, 14.1); 12) maculatus (16.8, 14.6); 

 13) munroi (17.5, 15.0); 14) plurilineatus (17.9, 

 15.4); 15) tritor (18.6, 15.4); 16) regalis (19.3, 

 15.8); 17) niphonius (19.6, 15.9); and 18) con- 

 color (22.2, 19.7). The species with the fewest 

 teeth, <S. multiradiatus, also has the fewest gill 

 rakers (usually 2 or 3, see Table 5), and the spe- 

 cies with the most teeth, S. concolor, has the most 

 gill rakers (usually 23-25, see Table 5) but the 

 correlation is not so good in the other 16 species 

 (compare Tables 3 and 4 with Table 5). 



Premaxilla. — The premaxilla (Fig. 22) is a 

 long, curved bone with a stout, arrowhead-shaped, 

 anterior end that extends dorsally and posteri- 

 orly as an ascending process. The posterior shank 

 of the premaxilla is elongate and bears a row of 5- 

 39 compressed triangular teeth on its ventral 

 margin. There are two articular facets for the 

 overlying maxilla at the junction of the posterior 

 margin of the ascending process with the shank. 

 The ascending processes of both premaxillae are 

 closely approximated to each other mesially and 

 fit into the median groove of the ethmoid bone. 

 The ascending process forms an angle of 32°- 61° 

 with the shank, and this process is 31-48% of the 

 total length of the premaxilla. Devaraj (1977:22) 

 noted that S. lineolatus had the sharpest angle 

 among the Indian species that he studied (23° 

 as he measured it), and we find that it has the 

 sharpest angle (Fig. 22b) of any of the species 

 in the genus, 32°-36° according to our measure- 

 ments. The species with the largest angle is S. 

 guttatus, 60°-61°. Devaraj included guttatus along 

 with koreanus, regalis, and maculatus as species 

 with angles of 40°- 43°. Our data for these other 

 three species are 40°- 54°. Scomberomorus com- 



TABLE 3. — Number of teeth in upper jaw 

 Scomberomorus. 



species of TABLE 4. 



-Number of teeth in lower jaw in species of 

 Scomberomorus. 



Species 



Side Min Max. 



SD 



N 



Overall 



x Rank 



Species 



Side Min. Max 



SD 



Overall 

 x Rank 



11.88 7 



10.92 3 

 1 1 .27 6 

 19.71 18 

 14 42 11 



11.21 4 



12.93 9 

 14.64 12 



7.75 1 



15.01 13 



15.93 17 



15.37 14 



10.61 2 



15.80 16 



11.23 5 



14.05 10 



12.22 8 

 15.40 15 



576 



