COLLETTE and RUSSO: SPANISH MACKERELS 



124 18.1 



8 8 1 



59 

 165 

 30 

 103 

 29 

 29 

 57 

 27 

 15 

 37 

 34 

 31 

 46 

 33 

 79 

 14 

 41 

 34 

 44 



18.2 

 18.2 

 20.5 

 21.0 

 22.3 

 19.7 

 19.0 

 26.9 

 17.6 

 17.8 

 20.3 

 18.8 

 18.4 

 21.2 

 18.7 

 17.7 

 18.3 

 12.9 

 123 



18 



2 9 



1 39 



extended posteriorly to reduce the number of anal 

 finlets. 



PECTORAL GIRDLE 



The pectoral girdle consists of the girdle itself 

 (cleithrum, coracoid, and scapula), the radials to 

 which the pectoral fin rays attach, and a chain of 

 bones that connect the girdle to the rear of the 

 skull (posttemporal, supracleithrum, supratem- 

 poral, and two postcleithra). 



Posttemporal 



The posttemporal (Fig. 40) is a fiat elliptical 

 bone with two sturdy anterior processes that 

 attach the pectoral girdle to the neurocranium. 

 The median (dorsal) process is concave at its 

 dorsal surface and articulates with the dorsal 

 surface of the epiotic. The lateral (ventral) pro- 

 cess is shorter, round in cross section, and its 

 hollow anterior end articulates with the dorsal 

 protuberance of the intercalar. There is a thin 

 shelf between the median and lateral processes in 



FIGURE 40. — Left posttemporals in lateral view. a. Scomberomorus cavalla , Chesapeake Bay, 672 mm FL, 1.5 x . b. Scomber- 

 omorus plurilineatus, South Africa, 910 mm FL, lx . c. Acanthocybium solandri, Revillagigedos Is., 1,068 mm FL, lx . d. 

 Grammatorcynus bilineatus, Queensland, 521 mm FL, 1.5 x . 



603 



