SHAKLEE and SAMOLLOW: GENETIC VARIATION IN A DEEPWATER SNAPPER 



species — a spiny lobster, Panulirus marginatus 

 (Shaklee and Samollow 1984), a damselfish, 

 Stegastes fasciolatus (Shaklee 1984), and the pink 

 snapper discussed in the present report — no evi- 

 dence of subpopulation or stock heterogeneity was 

 found. This lack of demonstrable population sub- 

 division occurs in spite of the fact that Da range 

 of over 2,400 km in length was sampled, 2) adult 

 habitats for all three species are clearly discon- 

 tinuous and, in places, separated from one another 

 by extensive, deep-water expanses, 3) one of the 

 species (Panulirus marginatus) is endemic to the 

 Hawaiian Islands (implying a somewhat limited 

 dispersal ability), and 4) one species (Stegastes 

 fasciolatus) has demersal eggs, a relatively short- 

 lived pelagic larval stage (possibly as short as 20 

 d), and is territorial as an adult. That not all 

 marine organisms in the Hawaiian Archipelago 

 are characterized by single, large, panmictic popu- 

 lations is dramatically illustrated by the fourth 

 species, a limpet Cellana exarata. This species 

 exhibits extensive population subdivision both be- 

 tween the N WHI and the main Hawaiian Islands 

 and within each of these major areas (Shaklee and 

 Samollow 1980; Shaklee 1983; Samollow 1984 6 ). 

 Together, the patterns of population structure 

 exhibited by these four species in the Hawaiian 

 Islands provide some insight into the extent and 

 pattern of subpopulation differentiation in marine 

 organisms in an archipelagic system. However, it 

 seems apparent that considerably more investiga- 

 tion will be necessary before a comprehensive pic- 

 ture of patterns of subpopulation differentiation, 

 not to mention an understanding of their under- 

 lying bases, becomes clear. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



We wish to thank G. Naftel and S. Ralston for 

 their assistance in collecting samples. The expert 

 technical assistance of L. Bell and M. J. Lemke is 

 gratefully acknowledged. L. Bell, C. Jackson, and 

 C. Keenan assisted in the statistical analyses 

 while D. L. Swofford and R. B. Selander kindly 

 provided the BIOSYS- 1 computer program used in 

 some of the analyses. This work (NI/R-9) is a result 

 of research sponsored by the Office of the Marine 

 Affairs Coordinator of the State of Hawaii and the 

 University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program 

 under Institutional Grant Nos. 04-8-MO1-178 and 



Samollow, P B. 1984. Genetics of Hawaiian limpets. I. 

 Population structure of the blackfoot 'opihi, Cellana exara- 

 ta. Unpubl. manuscr., 22 p. Southwest Center for Biomedical 

 Research, P.O. Box 28147, San Antonio, TX 78284. 



NA79AA-D-00085 from NOAA Office of Sea 

 Grant, Department of Commerce. This is Sea 

 Grant publication UNIHI-SEAGRANT-JC-84-20. 

 Contribution No. 688 from the Hawaii Institute of 

 Marine Biology. 



LITERATURE CITED 



ASPINWALL, N. 



1974. Genetic analysis of North American populations of 

 the pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuseha , possible evi- 

 dence for the neutral mutation-random drift hy- 

 pothesis. Evolution 28:295-305. 



BEARDMORE, J. A., AND R. D. WARD. 



1977. Polymorphism, selection and multilocus 

 heterozygosity in the plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. In 

 F. B. Christiansen and T. M. Fenchel (editors), Measuring 

 selection in natural populations. Lecture Notes in 

 Biomathematics, (S. Levin, ed.), Vol. 19, p. 207-222. 

 Springer- Verlag, N.Y. 



BOYER, S. H., D. C. FAINER, AND E. J. WATSON-WlLLIAMS. 

 1963. Lactate dehydrogenase variant from human blood: 

 evidence for molecular subunits. Science (Wash., D.C.) 

 141:642-643. 



Christiansen, f. B., O. Frydenberg, a. o. Glydenholm, 



AND V SIMONSEN. 



1974. Genetics of Zoarces populations. VI. Further evi- 

 dence, based on age group samples, of a heterozygote def- 

 icit in the Est III polymorphism. Hereditas 77:225-236. 



CLAYTON, J. W, AND D. N. TRETIAK. 



1972. Amine-citrate buffers for pH control in starch gel 

 electrophoresis. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 29:1169-1172. 



COMMISSION ON BIOCHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE. 



1973. Enzyme nomenclature. American Elsevier Publ. 

 Co., Inc., N.Y, 443 p. 



Cross, t. f, and r. h. Payne. 



1978. Geographic variation in Atlantic cod, Gadus 

 morhua, off eastern North America: a biochemical sys- 

 tematics approach. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 35:117-123. 



DARNALL, D. W, AND I. M. KLOTZ. 



1975. Subunit constitution of proteins: a table. Arch. 

 Biochem. Biophys. 166:651-682. 



ENGEL, W, J. FAUST, AND U. WOLF. 



1971. Isoenzyme polymorphism of the sorbitol dehy- 

 drogenase and the NADP-dependent isocitrate dehy- 

 drogenases in the fish family Cyprinidae. Anim. Blood 

 Groups Biochem. Genet. 2:127-133. 

 FAIRBAIRN, D. J. 



1981a. Biochemical genetic analysis of population dif- 

 ferentiation in Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippo- 

 glossoides ) from the Northwest Atlantic, Gulf of St. Law- 

 rence, and Bering Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 

 38:669-677. 

 1981b. Which witch is which? A study of the stock struc- 

 ture of witch flounder {Glyptocephalus cynoglossus ) in the 

 Newfoundland region. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38:782- 

 794. 

 FAIRBAIRN, D. J., AND D. A. ROFF. 



1980. Testing genetic models of isozyme variability with- 

 out breeding data: can we depend on the x 2 ? Can. J. Fish. 

 Aquat. Sci. 37:1149-1159. 

 FUJINO, K. 



1970. Immunological and biochemical genetics of 

 tunas. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 99:152-178. 



711 



