FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 82, NO. 4 



der preorbital bone; vertebrae 62-64 . . 



Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier) 



3b. Snout much shorter than rest of head; 

 gill rakers 1-27; 12-22 spines in first 

 dorsal fin; posterior end of maxilla 



exposed; vertebrae 41-56 



Scomberomorus 4 



4a. Lateral line abruptly curving down be- 

 low first or second dorsal fin; verte- 

 brae 41-46 5 



4b. Lateral line straight or descending gra- 

 dually posteriorly; vertebrae 44-56 .... 7 



5a. Lateral line abruptly curving down be- 

 low first dorsal fin; total gill rakers 

 on first arch 12-15; caudal vertebrae 

 21-22 S. sinensis (Lacepede) 



5b. Lateral line abruptly curving down be- 

 low second dorsal fin; total gill rakers 

 on first arch 2-13; caudal vertebrae 

 23-27 6 



6a. Total gill rakers on first arch 7-13, usual- 

 ly 9 or more; spines in first dorsal fin 

 12-18, usually 15 or fewer; precaudal 

 vertebrae 16-17 S. cavalla (Cuvier) 



6b. Total gill rakers on first arch 3-8, usual- 

 ly 6 or fewer; spines in first dorsal fin 

 15-18, usually 16 or more; precaudal 



vertebrae 19-20 



S. commerson (Lacepede) 



7a. Total gill rakers on first arch 21-27; no 



bars on body . . . . S. concolor Lockington 



7b. Total gill rakers on first arch 1-18; spots, 

 bars, or other markings usually pres- 

 ent on sides of body 8 



8a. Anal fin rays 25-29; second dorsal fin 

 rays 21-25, usually 23 or more; gill 

 rakers on first arch 1-4; total verte- 

 brae 54-56; no pattern on body 



S. multiradiatus Munro 



8b. Anal fin rays 15-24; second dorsal fin 

 rays 15-24; total gill rakers on first 

 arch 3-18; total vertebrae 44-53; sides 

 of body usually with spots or other 

 markings 9 



9a. Dorsal fin spines 19-22, usually 19 or 



more 10 



9b. Dorsal fin spines 13-19, usually 18 or 



fewer 11 



10a. First dorsal fin black only on first 5-7 

 interspinous membranes, white pos- 

 teriorly; intestine straight, with no 



folds; total vertebrae 48-50 



S. niphonius (Cuvier) 



10b. First dorsal fin black to, or almost to, 

 posterior end; intestine with 2 loops 

 and 3 limbs; total vertebrae 50-52 .... 

 S. munroi Collette and Russo 



11a. Lateral line with many small auxiliary 



branches anteriorly 12 



lib. Lateral line without auxiliary branches 



or with only a few anteriorly 13 



12a. Dorsal fin spines 15-18, usually 16 or 

 more; intestine with 2 loops and 3 

 limbs; total vertebrae 47-52, usually 

 48 or more; head longer, 20.2-21.5% 

 FL; body depth less, 22.8-25.2% FL . . . 

 S. guttatus (Bloch and Schneider) 



12b. Dorsal fin spines 14-17, usually 15 or 

 fewer; intestine with 4 loops and 5 

 limbs; total vertebrae 46-47, usually 

 46; head shorter, 19.7-20.4% FL; body 



depth greater, 24.4-26.7% FL 



S. koreanus (Kishinouye) 



13a. Sides of body with spots and at least one 

 stripe, the stripes may be short, wavy 

 or interrupted 14 



13b. Sides of body without any stripes, spots 



usually present 16 



14a. One long stripe on sides with spots or 

 interrupted lines above and below the 

 stripe; total vertebrae 47-48, usually 

 48; total gill rakers on first arch 12-18, 

 usually 15 or more . . . . S. regalis (Bloch) 



14b. Sides with several short stripes; total 

 vertebrae 44-47, usually 46; total gill 

 rakers on first arch 9-15, usually 14 

 or fewer 15 



15a. Sides with a series of short straight 

 stripes and few if any spots; total gill 

 rakers on first arch usually 11 or 

 fewer; second dorsal fin rays 15-19, 

 usually 18 or fewer; distance from 2D 

 origin to caudal base 46.2-54.5% FL, 

 3c 50.0% S. lineolatus (Cuvier) 



15b. Sides with a series of short wavy mark- 

 ings plus many small spots; total gill 

 rakers on first arch usually 12 or more; 



548 



