COLLETTE and RUSSO: SPANISH MACKERELS 



tara Filho 1972a (gill net fishery; Ceara, Bra- 

 zil). * Gesteira 1972:117-122 (reproduction and 

 fecundity). Menezes 1972:86-88 (number of 

 gill rakers). Bastos et al. 1973 (canning, Bra- 

 zil). Costa and Almeida 1974:115-122 (length 

 frequencies). Menezes 1976:45-48 (size, sex- 

 ratio; NE Brazil). Fonteles-Filho and Alcan- 

 tara-Filho 1977 (gill net mesh selectivity curve; 

 Ceara, Brazil). * Sturm 1978:155-172 (biology, 

 Trinidad). Ximenes 1983 (age and growth; 

 Ceara, Brazil). 

 Scomberomorus brasiliensis Collette, Russo, and 

 Zavalla-Camin 1978:273-279 (original descrip- 

 tion; Brazil). Manooch et al. 1978 (annotated 

 bibliography). Collette 1979:29 (characters). 

 Collette and Russo 1979:8-11 (diagnostic char- 

 acters, range). Cressey et al. 1983:264 (host- 

 parasite list, 4 copepod species). Collette and 

 Nauen 1983:60-61 (description, range, fig.). 



Types.— Holotype: USNM 217550 (502 mm FL); 

 Belem market; 22 May 1975; B. B. Collette 

 1642. D XVIII + 17+ X; A 19 + IX; P! 22; RGR X 

 3 + 1 + 10 = 14; vertebrae 19 + 28 = 47. Paratypes: 

 103 specimens (110-630 mm FL) from 54 Brazilian 

 collections (see,Collette et al. 1978:276-278). 



Diagnosis. — This species possesses nasal denti- 

 cles as do the other five species of the regalis 

 group (concolor, maculatus, regalis, sierra, and 

 tritor), has the artery that branches from the 

 fourth left epibranchial artery as do all the spe- 

 cies in the group except S. tritor, and shares a 

 specialization of the fourth right epibranchial 

 artery (Fig. 7f) with S. sierra and S. regalis. In 

 these three species an artery connects the fourth 

 right epibranchial with a branch of the coeliaco- 

 mesenteric artery. Scomberomorus brasiliensis 

 has shorter pelvic fins than do the other members 

 of the regalis group (Fig. 48), 3.6-5.9% FL com- 

 pared with 4.7-6.4 in S. sierra and 4.4-6.3 in S. 

 regalis. Together with three other species of the 

 regalis group (concolor, regalis, and sierra), S. 

 brasiliensis has a long posterior process on the 

 pelvic girdle, 62-90% of the length of the anterior 

 plate. Differs from S. sierra by essentially lack- 

 ing pterotic spines. Intercalar spine absent as in 

 the other five species of the regalis group and S. 

 niphonius. 



Description. — Lateral line gradually descending 

 to midline on caudal peduncle. Intestine with two 

 folds and three limbs (Fig. 3a). Spines in first 



40 



35 



O 



Z 



30 - 



25 



20 



U 



> 



15 - 



10 



300 

 FORK 



375 



LENGTH 



FIGURE 48. — Regression of pel vie fin length on fork length in five species of Scomberomorus. The regression line for S. brasiliensis is 

 significantly different from those for S. maculatus, S. sierra, S. tritor, and S. regalis. The regression lines for the latter four species do 

 not differ significantly from each other. Therefore, the same symbol is used for plotting specimens of these four species. (From Collette 

 etal. 1978:fig. l.l 



613 



