FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 82, NO. 4 



reproduction; Madagascar). Ben-Tuvia 1971: 

 20-21 (3 specimens from Mediterranean coast 

 of Israel). Tongyai 1971a:9-13 (description), 

 pi. II (photograph), pi. Ill (viscera). Tongyai 

 1971b:3 (economically important; Thailand), pi. 

 7, 8, 10, 13 (photographs). Dhawan et al. 1972: 

 183 (trolling line operations; Goa; feed on sar- 

 dines). Nagabhushanam and Chandrasek- 

 hara Rao 1972:303 (Minimoy Atoll, Laccadive 

 Archipelago). Shiino 1972:71 (common name). 

 Richards and Klawe 1972:13 (range), 90-91 (ref- 

 erences to eggs, larvae, and juveniles). Mag- 

 nuson 1973:350 (short pectoral fin). Orsi 1974: 

 175 (Vietnam; listed). Ronquillo 1974 (caught 

 by light fishing; Philippine Is.). Lewis et al. 

 1974:82-85 (93 specimens, 53.7-144.5 cm FL; 

 ova diameters, maturity of ovaries; Bismark 

 Archipelago, Papua New Guinea). Van der 

 Elst 1976:25 (important predator on Pomato- 

 mus saltatrix; Natal, South Africa). Baissac 

 1976:216 (Mauritius). *Devaraj 1977 (osteol- 

 ogy). Klawe 1977:2 (common names, range). 

 Randall et al. 1978:166 (Persian Gulf: photo- 

 graph), 212 (color photograph 56). Uchida 

 1978:13, 17, 20 (fishery resource; Cook Is., New 

 Caledonia; Wallis and Futuna Is.). Collette 

 1979:29 (characters, range). Collette and Rus- 

 so 1979:9, 13 (diagnostic characters, range). 

 Golani and Kredo 1981:41 (fishery; Mediterra- 

 nean coast of Israel). Hutchins 1979:83 (Rott- 

 nest I., off Perth, W. Australia). Joubert 1981: 

 5 (minor component of shore angler's catch; 

 Natal, South Africa). McPherson 1981 (biol- 

 ogy, migrations; Queensland). Van der Elst 

 1981:274 (photograph, description, natural his- 

 tory, range). Kyushin et al. 1982:227 (descrip- 

 tion, photograph). *Devaraj 1982 (age and 

 growth). Sivasubramaniam and Mohamed 

 1982:65 (Qatar, Persian Gulf). Lewis and En- 

 dean 1983 (presence of a ciguatoxin-like sub- 

 stance in Queensland specimens caught be- 

 tween lat. 24°S and 26°S). Lewis et al. 1983: 

 14-21 (biology; Fiji). Cressey et al. 1983:264 

 (host-parasite list, 10 copepod species). Lee 

 and Yang 1983:229-230 (Taiwan), fig. 19 (580 

 mm FL). Collette and Nauen 1983:63-64 (de- 

 scription, range), fig. Jenkins et al. 1984:348- 

 351 (62 larvae, 3.5-9.3 mm SL; off Townsville, 

 Qld.), fig. 3 (6 larvae, 3.7-9.1 mm SL). 



Cybium multifasciatum Kishinouye 1915:9 (orig- 

 inal description; Yamaguchi Prefecture, Ja- 

 pan), pi. 1, fig. 3. 



Scomberomorus konam. Herre 1953:246 (syn- 

 onymy). 



Types of nominal species. — Scomber commerson 

 Lacepede, 1800 is based on a figure from Com- 

 merson's manuscript; no types of this name are 

 extant. 



Scomber Maculosus Shaw 1803 is based on the 

 "konam" of Russell (1803:pl. 135); no types of this 

 name are extant. 



Cybium konam Bleeker 1851b. Lectotype: 

 RMNH 6051; Batavia; P. Bleeker; 444 mm FL; 

 selected by Boeseman (1964:467); D XVII + 18 + 

 VIII; A 18 + IX; Pi 22-22; RGRi 0+1 + 2 = 3; upper 

 jaw teeth 15-16; lower jaw teeth 15-12. A photo- 

 graph of the lectotype was published by Boese- 

 man (1964:pl. 4, fig. 16). Paralectotypes: RMNH 

 24087; 12 specimens; in part. The original de- 

 scription was based on 12 specimens 90 to 490 

 lines (= mm) long from Batavia. Boeseman (1964) 

 found more than 12 specimens in RMNH 6051, 

 selected the largest specimen as lectotype, re- 

 moved 2 specimens that were below the mini- 

 mum size of the type-series, and recatalogued the 

 remainder of the material as RMNH 24087 



Cybium multifasciatum Kishinouye 1915. The 

 original description was based on a specimen 

 from Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan in 1914 and is 

 probably no longer extant. Data from the original 

 description show this name to be a junior syn- 

 onym of S. commerson : D XVII + 15 + IX; A 14 + 

 IX; GR 1 + 2 = 3; vertebrae 20+24=44; and lat- 

 eral line forming a deep bend. The author himself 

 (Kishinouye 1923:416) subsequently placed mul- 

 tifasciatum in synonymy. 



Diagnosis. — This species shares with S. caualla 

 an abrupt downward curve in the lateral line 

 under the second dorsal fin (Fig. 52). One species, 

 S. sinensis, has an abrupt downward curve in the 

 lateral line under the first dorsal fin but the 

 lateral line descends gradually in the other 15 

 species. It differs from S. caualla in having more 

 vertebrae (42-46, usually 43 or more compared 

 with 41-43, usually 42 or fewer) and fewer gill 

 rakers (1-8, usually 7 or fewer compared with 7- 

 13, usually 8 or more). Posterodorsal spine of 

 hyomandibula large as in S. queenslandicus and 

 Acanthocybium. Palatine tooth patch very nar- 

 row (Fig. 23b) as in S. sinensis and Acanthocyb- 

 ium. Ventral process of angular long, 117-126% of 

 dorsal process, as in S. queenslandicus and Acan- 

 thocybium. Anterior ends of pterosphenoid close 

 together (Fig. 17a) as in S. caualla. Intercalar 

 spine well developed (Fig. 11a) as in S. caualla 

 and S. queenslandicus. 



624 



