COLLETTE and RUSSO: SPANISH MACKERELS 



rakers (1-4) compared with the other 17 species 

 (vertebrae 41-53, gill rakers 1-27). It has the most 

 rays in the anal fin (25-29, compared with 15-24 

 in the other 17 species). Posterior end of maxilla 

 only slightly expanded as in S. sinensis. Supra- 

 occipital crest high as in S. guttatus and S. 

 koreanus. Supracleithrum narrow (Fig. 41b), 43- 

 53% of length as in S. sinensis, semifasciatus , and 

 sierra. Foramen between last pectoral radial and 

 coracoid smaller than in any other species of 

 Scomberomorus. 



Description. — Lateral line gradually descending 

 to midline on caudal peduncle. Intestine with two 

 folds and three limbs (Fig. 3i). Spines in first 

 dorsal fin 16-19, usually 17 or 18 (Table 9); second 

 dorsal fin rays 21-25, usually 23 or 24 (Table 10); 

 dorsal finlets 7-9, usually 7 or 8 (Table 10); anal fin 

 rays 25-29, usually 26-28 (Table 11); anal finlets 6- 

 8, usually 6 (Table 11); pectoral fin rays 20-23, 

 usually 21 or 22 (Table 12). Precaudal vertebrae 20 

 or 21 (Table 6); caudal vertebrae 34-36, usually 34 

 or 35 (Table 7); total vertebrae 54-56, usually 55 or 

 56 (Table 8). Gill rakers on first arch + (1-4) = 1-4, 

 usually 0+ (2-3)= 2-3 (Table 5). Morphometric 

 characters given in Table 21. 



TABLE 21. — Summary of morphometric data of Scom- 

 beromorus multiradiatus. FL = fork length, HL = head 

 length. 



Character 



N 



Mm. 



Max. Mean SD 



Size. — Maximum size 35 cm FL, 0.5 kg, the 

 smallest species in the genus, sexually mature at 

 <30 cm (Lewis 1981). 



Color pattern. — Dark bluish black dorsally, sil- 

 very white ventrally, with no spots, blotches, or 

 bars (Fig. 60). First dorsal fin black anteriorly and 

 along distal edge posteriorly with some white at 

 base of fin posteriorly. The only previously pub- 

 lished figures were of the holotype by Munro 

 (1964:fig. 12, 1967:fig. 339) and a photograph by 

 Lewis (1981:16). 



Biology. — Schooling and other behavior unknown 

 (Lewis 1981). 



Interest to fisheries. — Trawled in the Gulf of 

 Papua but too small to be of any commercial 

 significance. 



Distribution. — Restricted to shallow turbid wa- 

 ters of the Gulf of Papua off the mouth of the Fly 

 River (Fig. 55). The western known limit is Ture- 

 ture village, 12 mi west of Daru (Kailola 1975; 

 DASF FO 2851), and the eastern limit Freshwater 

 Bay at Kerema (lat. 8°12'S, long. 145° 59' E; Kai- 

 lola 1975; several dissected specimens, USNM). 



Material examined.— Total 28 (203-350 mm FL). 



Scomberomorus munroi Collette and Russo 

 Australian Spotted Mackerel 



Figure 61 



Scomberomorus niphonius. Not of Cuvier 1831. 

 Munro 1943:86-90 (first Australian record, de- 

 scription, range) pi. vii, fig. A. Serventy 1950: 

 19 (throughout N Australia, S to Kimberly). 

 Roughley 1951:110 (description), pi. 45 (fig. after 

 Munro 1943). Taylor 1964:282 (Arnhem Land; 

 listed after Munro 1958a). Marshall 1964:364- 

 365 (description after Munro 1943), pi. 50, fig. 

 351. Marshall 1966:205 (description), pi. 50, 

 fig. 351. Kailola 1974:72 (description, first rec- 

 ord from Papua New Guinea). Kailola 1975: 

 237 (listed, fish reference collection). Zhang 

 and Zhang 1981:104 (Australia). 



Sawara niphonia. Not of Cuvier 1831. Munro 



647 



