la. Pol slightly before a vertical from end of base of adipose fin. Usually 1, seldom 2 (occasion- 

 ally none) AOp over anal base. AOa series level S. evermanni species group 



lb. Pol well before a vertical from end of base of adipose fin; 3 to 5 AOp over anal base 2 



2a. Palatine teeth in a narrow band, villiform, none enlarged. AOa series 



level S. californiensis species group 



2b. Palatine teeth much enlarged, in a single row. AOa series distinctly 



curved S. boops (?) "southern" species group 



Symbolophorus evermanni species group 



Fig. 44 — Symbolophorus n. sp. i?i (short gland form), male, 65.0 mm. The pattern of photophores is characteristic of 



the evermanni species group. 



Description 



D. 15 (13-16); A. 20 (18-22); P. 15-16 (13-18); AO 8 (6-9) + 5 (4-7), total 13 (11-15); gill 

 rakers 6 (5-7) +1 + 14-15 (13-16), total 21-22 (19-23); vertebrae 37 (36-39). 



At least three forms from the eastern Pacific may be involved in the evermanni species 

 group. As the counts for all forms overlap completely, only one set is given above. 



SAO, about over VOj. SAO,.j interspace greater than that of SAOj.r Palatine teeth in a 

 narrow band, villiform, none enlarged. Adult males of three presently recognized forms have 

 notably different types of supracaudal luminous glands (Fig. 45). 



Size: To about 80 mm for all three forms. 



Least depth of capture: At surface at night, all three forms. 

 Discussion and Distribution 



The name evermanni has been applied to specimens taken in tropical waters of the Pacific 

 and Indian Oceans. It is apparent, however, that several species occupy this wide area, with 

 perhaps slight or only moderate overlap in ranges. 



As presently understood, S. evermanni (sensu stricto), the form in which the concavities of 

 the luminous scales of the supracaudal gland face forward (Fig. 45A), may be more or less 

 restricted to the central and western tropical Pacific, with perhaps some penetration into the 

 Indo-Pacific region. A few specimens with this type of supracaudal gland have been found in 

 the extreme eastern Pacific from Panama to Ecuador; possibly these are migrants with the 

 easterly flowing Equatorial Counter Current. 



The "reverse-concavity" form, with the concavities of the luminous scales of the supra- 

 caudal gland facing posteriorly (Fig. 45 C), is very common in the eastern Pacific between 20° 

 N and 20° S along the American continents. An occasional specimen is found near Hawaii, 

 perhaps migrants with the westerly flowing North Equatorial Current. 



The "short-gland" form (Fig. 45B ) is known only from southeast of Hawaii near the 

 equator. 



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