Fraser-Brunner (1949) illustrated a third SAO ( = SAO,) asjust above VO-, and anterior to 

 the middle SAO, the 3 organs closely spaced; an elevated first AOa and the 5 VO are shown in 

 positions similar to those in Fig. 79 above. L. urolampa has no luminous scale at PLO — a 

 finding in agreement with the original description. However, Fraser-Brunner figured this 

 scale. 



Size: Largest of the five specimens before me, 86 mm. Gilbert and Cramer (1897) listed 

 " — a range for seven specimens of 2 1/2 to 4 1/2 inches." 



Least depth of capture: Clarke (1973) stated that adults were taken in bottom trawls at 

 depths between 124 and 190 m at night. Clarke also listed juveniles (25-26 mm) take at night 

 from "100?" m, near Hawaii. 



Distribution: Known principally from the immediate area of the Hawaiian Islands. 



Lobianchia gemellarii 



(Cocco, 1838) 



Fig. 80 — Lobianchia gemellarii, male, 40.2 mm. 



Description 



D. 17 (16-18); A. 14 (13-15); P. 11-13; AO 4-5 + 6(5), total 10-11; gill rakers 5 -^ 1 + 12 

 (11-14), total 18 (17-20); vertebrae 35 (34). 



The characters given in the keys to L. gemellarii and L. dofleini (see above) are taken 

 largely from Nafpaktitis (1968) and appear adequate for determining the species as found in 

 the eastern Pacific Ocean, except for the following differences: In L. gemellarii from the 

 eastern Pacific, PLO is as much as three times nearer pectoral origin than to lateral line; Pol is 

 occasionally behind, rather than before or over end of anal base; and VLO ranges from about 

 two times nearer pelvic base than to lateral line to about midway between. 



There also may be a difference in the structure of the infracaudal luminous gland in that 

 females in good condition from the eastern Pacific have but 2 or 3 scales that form a short and 

 broad-armed "Y." Nafpaktitis (1969, p. 14, fig. 4A') figured 6 scales for the North Atlantic 

 form; it may be that some scales in the Pacific form have been lost, as there is some evidence of 

 erosion, but there is no evidence of additional luminous scales on the better specimens. The 

 supracaudal gland of a 30-mm specimen is evident but not fully formed. 



Size: To about 70 mm (largest of nine specimens). 



Least depth of capture: Clarke (1973) stated that in nighttime catches, only specimens 25 

 mm or less were taken above 100 m, those over 40 mm were taken from below 150 m, and 

 substantial catches of larger fishes were made as deep as 300 m. 



95 



