NEW FORMULA FOR ARTIFICIAL SEA WATER 



19 



A summary of references to various 

 types of artificial sea water is given in the 

 following listing : 



Originator 



Hermes, ca. 1880_ 

 Schmalz, ca. 1913_ 



Reference 

 Hoffmann (1884). 

 Heinroth (1937), Needham 

 et aL (1937), Hediger 

 (1944). 



Von Flack Needham et al. (1937). 



McCIendon et al., Needham et al. (1937), Sver- 

 1917. drup et aL (1942), Red- 



field (1948), Getchell 

 (1953). 



Originator 

 Briijewicz (inSu- 

 bow, 1931). 



Penn, A.B.K., 

 1934. 



Lyman and Flem- 

 ing. 1940. 



Dahlhtilzli 



U.S. Navy cor- 

 rosion test. 

 Aquarium. 



John G. Shedd 

 Aquarium. 



Wilder, 1953 



Reference 

 Sverdrup et al. (1942), 



Redfield (1948), Getchell 



(1953). 

 Needham etaL (1937). 



Sverdrup et al. (1942), 

 Redfield (1948), Getchell 

 (1953), Harvey (1955). 



Hediger (1944). 



Redfield (1948). 

 Getchell (1953). 

 Pachtman (1956). 



LITERATURE CITED 



Getchell, John S. 



1953. A study on the effect of recirculated 

 natural and artificial sea wate- on the 

 mortality of lobsters. Maine Department 

 of Sea and Shore Fisheries, Research Bul- 

 letin 11. 23 pp. 

 GossE, Philip H. 



1854. The aquarium, an unveiling of the 

 wonders of the deep sea. London. 278 pp. 

 Harvey, Hildebrande Wolfe. 

 1955. The chemistry and fertility of sea 

 waters. Cambridge University Press. 

 224 pp. 

 Hediger, Heini. 



1944. Erfahrungen aus dem Aquarium des 

 Tierparkes Dahlholzli in Bern. Schwei- 

 zerische Fischerei-Zeitung, 1944, Nos. 8/10. 

 22 pp. 

 Heinroth, O. 



1937. Erfahrungen aus der Seewasser-abtei- 

 lung des Berliner Aquariums. Der Zoolog- 

 ische Garten, n.s., vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 278-285. 

 Hoffmann, R. E. 



1884. Artificial sea water for aquaria. U.S. 

 Fish Commission, Bulletin, vol. 4, No. 30 

 (Oct. 1), pp. 465^67. 



Lyman, John, and Richard H. Fleming. 



1940. Composition of sea water. Journal of 

 Marine Research, vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 134-146. 

 Needham, James G., Paul S. Galtsoff, Frank 

 E. Lutz, and Paul S. Welch (Editors). 

 1937. Culture methods for invertebrate ani- 

 mals. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, 

 N.Y. 590 pp. Reprinted in 1959 by Dover 

 Publications, New York. 

 Pachtman, E. A. 



1956. Shipping and maintaining lobsters alive. 

 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Branch of 

 Commercial Fisheries, TL 9. 7 pp. 

 Redfield, Alfred C. 



1948. Characteristics of sea water. In The 

 corrosion handbook, edited by H. H. Uhlig, 

 pp. 1111-1122. John Wiley & Sons, New 

 York. 

 Sverdrup, H. U., Martin W. Johnson, and 

 Richard H. Fleming. 

 1942. The oceans; their physics, chemistry, 

 and general biology. Prentice-Hall, New 

 York. 1087 pp. 

 Wilder, D. G. 

 1953. Holding live lobsters in aerated artifi- 

 cial sea water. Fisheries Research Board 

 of Canada, Atlantic Biological Station, Cir- 

 cular, General Series, No. 21. 4 pp. 



