RICHARDSON: CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF SCULPIN LARVAE 



Table l. — Continued. 



Genus and species 



Reference 



Sizes illustrated 



M. scorpius ' 



Nautichthys oculofasciatus 



Oligocottus maculosus 



O. snyderi 

 Orthonopias triads 

 Paricelinus hopliticus 

 Phallocottus — 

 Porocottus — 

 Psychrolutes paradoxus 



Radulinus asprellus 

 R. boleoides 

 Rhamphocottus richardsoni 



Scorpaenichthys marmoratus 



Sigmistes — 

 Stelgistrum — 

 Sternias — 

 Sttegicottus — 

 Synchirus — 

 Thyrisicus — 

 Triglops murrayi^ 

 T. pingeli^ 



Triglops sp. 

 Zesticelus — 



Mcintosh and Prince 1890 



Mcintosh and Masterman 1897'^ 



Ehrenbaum 1904'^ 



Ehrenbaum 1905-9 



Koefoed 1907 



Rass 1949 



Bigelow and Schroeder 1953 



Khan 1972 



Russell 1976 



Blackburn 1973 



Marliave 1975 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



Stein 1972 



Stem 1973 



Stem 1972 



Bolin 1941 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



Blackburn 1973 



Marliave 1975 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



Blackburn 1973 



Marliave 1975 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



OGonnell 1953 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



Khan 1972 



Ehrenbaum 1905-9 



Koefoed 1907 



Rass 1949 



Blackburn 1973 



Richardson and Washington 1980 



Larva (size not given) 



Larva (size not given) 



8.24, 8 16, 10. 18 mm 



8.2. 10, 18 mm 



9.5 mm 



7 9.9.3 mm 



8.2. 10, 18 mm 



7.6, 8.5, 10 4, 14.0. 17.4 mm TL 



7.5.9.5, 10, 14 mm 



7.5, 13 mm SL 



9.5. 13, 17. 26 mm TL 



11 7mmNL. 166mm SL 

 4.6-5.2.6.0,6.6. 9.2 mm TL 

 4.5-5.2, 6.0, 6.6, 9.2 mm TL 

 4.5-4.75, 5.5 mm TL 

 ca. 3-4 mm SL 



5.6, 6.2 mm NL, 13.8, 18.6, 25.6 mm SL 



10.3 mm SL 



10.5. 13. 14. 13mm TL 



4.7, 7.9. 9.6, 10.9 mm NL, 12.6, 14.4 mm SL 



8.7 mm NL 



6 7, 10 mm SL 



10, 11.5, 15 mm TL 



8.4 mm NL, 10.6, 1 1 .7 mm SL 



5.85,6.26, 10, 17,30,48 mm 



5.3, 7.5, 8.6 mm NL, 8.7. 10.4, 13.8 mm SL 



8.4, 11.6, 18.9, 23.4 mm TL 



18 mm 



13,16.5,22 mm 



10 mm 



8.3, 12mmSL 



6.9 mm NL, 15.4 mm SL 



' Not northeast Pacific species. 



^As Cottus bubalis. 



^As Taurulus bubalis. 



*As Cottus lilljeborgi. 



^As Acanthocottus lilljeborgi. 



^As Taurulus lilljeborgi. 



'Probably Myoxocephalus scorpius (Laroche text footnote 6). 



^Species occurs in northeast Pacific but larvae described from other areas. 



^Not identified below genus level, 

 '°As Centridermichthys hamatus. 

 "Text footnote 5. 

 '^As Cottus scorpius. 



in reducing taxonomic problems. The potential 

 usefulness of the larval groups in providing in- 

 sights into systematic relationships and evolu- 

 tionary trends within this difficult group of fishes 

 is also discussed. The use of larval forms of 

 fishes to elucidate systematic relationships has 

 been demonstrated in a number of groups, e.g., 

 ceratioids (Bertlesen 1941), myctophids (Moser 

 and Ahlstrom 1970, 1972, 1974), gonostomatids 

 (Ahlstrom 1974), scombroids (Okiyama and 

 Ueyanagi 1978), and serranids (Kendall 1979). 



LARVAL CHARACTERS OF COTTIDS 



pigmentation. Although meristic characters may 

 be of prime utility in identifying cottid larvae, 

 they persist in adults and are not considered truly 

 larval. Meristic characters for northeast Pacific 

 cottids have been discussed by Richardson and 

 Washington (1980) and Howe and Richardson.^ 

 The purpose of this summary is to point out the 

 kinds of larval characters that are useful for 

 identification and the spectrum in which those 

 characters may be exhibited since cottid larvae 

 manifest a wide diversity of form. 



This summary is based on only the representa- 

 tives of northeast Pacific cottid genera listed in 



This is a summary of important larval charac- 

 ters in cottids, i.e., those characters occurring only 

 during the larval period which can be of most use 

 in distinguishing species. These characters in- 

 clude preopercular spine pattern, body shape, and 



^Howe, K. D., and S. L. Richardson. 1978. Taxonomic 

 review and meristic variation in marine sculpins (Osteichthys: 

 Cottidae) of the northeast Pacific Ocean. Final rep., NOAA 

 NMFS Contract No. 03-78-MO2-120, 1 January 1978 to 30 

 September 1978, 142 p. North vilest and Alaska Fisheries Center, 

 National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake 

 Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112. 



105 



