EARLY ZOEAL STAGES OF LEBBEUS POLARIS, EUALUS SUCKLEYI, 



E. EABRICIU SPIRONTOCARIS ARCUATA, S. OCHOTENSIS, AND 



HEPTACARPUS CAMTSCHATICUS (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, CARIDEA, 



HIPPOLYTIDAE) AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 



ZOEAE OF SPIRONTOCARIS AND RELATED GENERA 



Evan Haynes^ 



ABSTRACT 



Stage I and II zoeae of Lehbeus polaris, Eualus suckleyi, and E. fabricii and Stage I zoeae of 

 Spirontocaris arcuata, S. uchotensis, and Heptacarpus camtschaticus are described from individuals 

 of known parentage. Larval development of L. polaris is more abbreviated than larval development 

 of other hippolytid shrimp. Early stage zoeae of L. polaris can be distinguished from zoeae of L. 

 groenlandicus by differences in morphology of antennal flagellum, maxillipeds, pereopods, and 

 pleopods. Early stage zoeae of £. suckleyi. E. fabricii, S. arcuata, S. ochottnsis, and H. camtschaticus 

 can be distinguished from each other and other known hippolytid zoeae by slight differences in 

 morphology, especially length of rostrum, armature of carapace and abdomen, setation of antennule 

 and mouthparts, and development of pereopods. These new descriptions extend the range of 

 morphological characters of zoeae for each genus and support the proposal that the Spirontocaris sensu 

 lato unit be accorded suprageneric status rather than generic status. 



Larvae of only a few of the 87 known species of 

 hippolytid shrimp in the northern North Pacific 

 Ocean have been described. Needier (1934) de- 

 scribed Stage I zoeae of Hippolyte clarki Chace 

 under the name Hippolyte californiensis Holmes, 

 and Stage I zoeae of Eualus herdmani (Walker), 

 Heptacarpus brevirostris (Dana), H. paludicola 

 (Holmes), and H. tridens (Rathbun) under the 

 generic name Spirontocaris. These zoeae were 

 hatched in the laboratory from ovigerous females 

 collected in British Columbia waters. Zoeae and 

 megalopa of Spirontocaris spinus (Sowerby) and 

 S. lilljeborgii (Danielssen) were described from 

 known parentage and from plankton of eastern 

 Atlantic waters (Pike and Williamson 1961). Pike 

 and Williamson (1961) also described Stage H 

 zoeae of S. phippsii (Kr^yer) collected from plank- 

 ton in the western Atlantic and all larval stages of 

 E. pusiolus (Kr0yer), a species found in the west- 

 ern Atlantic and northern North Pacific Ocean. In 

 addition. Pike and Williamson (1961) described 

 several stages of zoeae presumed to be zoeae of 

 Lehbeus polaris (Sabine). Ivanov (1971) described 



'Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center Auke Bay Labora- 

 tory, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, P.O. Box 155, 

 Auke Bay, AK 99821. 



Manuscript accepted March 1981. 



FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 79, NO. .3, 1981. 



Stage I zoeae of Eualus macilentus (Kr0yer), E. 

 barbatus (Rathbun), Spirontocaris spinus (= S. 

 spina intermedia Kobjakova), and Lebbeus groen- 

 landicus (Fabricius) hatched in the laboratory 

 from ovigerous females collected in the Bering Sea 

 and Gulf of Alaska. Haynes (1978) described the 

 larval stages, including the megalopa, of L. groen- 

 landicus from specimens hatched from ovigerous 

 females collected in Kachemak Bay, Alaska. 



In this paper, I describe and illustrate zoeal 

 Stages I and II of L. polaris, E. suckleyi (Stimp- 

 son), and E. fabricii (Kr0yer), and Stage I zoeae 

 of S. arcuata (Rathbun), S. ochotensis (Brandt), 

 and H. camtschaticus (Stimpson) hatched in the 

 laboratory from ovigerous females collected in 

 Kachemak Bay. I also compare the morphology of 

 zoeae of Spirontocaris and related genera, and 

 support Pike and Williamson's (1961) proposal to 

 elevate Spirontocaris to suprageneric status. 



METHODS 



From late April to early May 1976, ovigerous 

 L. polaris, E. suckleyi, E. fabricii, S. arcuata, S. 

 ochotensis, and H. camtschaticus were caught 

 in pots at depths of 20-30 m (11-16 fathoms) in 

 Kachemak Bay. The females were transported 



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